목화진딧물(Aphis gossypii Glover)의 온도발육과 발육모형 = Temperature-dependent Development and Its Model of the Melon Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera： Aphididae)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The development of Aphis gossypii was studied at various constant temperatures ranging from 15 to 35$^{\circ}C$, with 60-70％ RH, and photoperiod of 16：8 (L：D h). Mortality of A. gossypii was high in the early developmental stages, and at high temperatures. The total immature developmental period ranged from 4.6 to 11.5 days. The lower developmental threshold temperature and effective cumulated temperature for all immature stages were 5.0$^{\circ}C$ and 106.8 degree-day, respective. The nonlinear shape of temperature-dependent development was well described by the modified Sharpe and DeMichele model. The normalized cumulative frequency distributions of developmental period for each life stage were fitted to the three-parameter Weibull function.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목화진딧물 발육실험은 15-35$^{\circ}C$, 습도는 60-70%, 광주기는 16：8 (L：D h)에서 수행 하였다. 진딧물 약충 사망률은 초기 1-2령의 사망률이 대부분을 차지하고, 온도의 상승에 따라 사망률이 높아져 32.5$^{\circ}C$에서 36%였으며, 35$^{\circ}C$에서는 1-2령의 사망률이 44%, 3-4령이 56%로 이 온도에서는 진딧물의 발육이 이루어지지 많았고, 3-4령의 사망률이 1-2령의 사망률보다 높게 나타난다. 전체약충의 온도별 발육기간을 보면 15-3$0^{\circ}C$까지 온도의 상승에 따라 발육기간이 11.5에서 4.6일로 짧아지는 경향을 보였고, 고온의 영 향을 받은 것으로 생각되는 32.5$^{\circ}C$에서는 오히려 발육기간이 5.5일로 길어졌다. 발육영 점 온도는 5.$0^{\circ}C$이였고, 유효적 산온도는 106.8일도였다. 온도별 발육율은 변형된 Sharpe와 DeMichele의 비 선형 모형 에 잘 적합되었다. 발육단계별 발육기간을 표준화하여 누적시킨 값들은 3개의 변수를 갖는 Weibull function에 적합되었다.

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