고려 후기 정토문화의 천태적 성격과 영산회상변상도 연구 = A Study of the Characteristics of Pure Land Buddhism of the Late Goryeo Dynasty and Illustration of the Assembly of Sakyamuni Preaching at Vulture Peak

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

During the late-Goryeo period, a large number of illustrated manuscripts of the Lotus Sutra in small letters was published. Among them, the frontispiece illustration of the assembly of Sakyamuni preaching at vulture peak (Yeongsan Hoesang Byeonsangdo) bears significant academic value as it exhibits diverse aspects of the late Goryeo period including Buddhism and Buddhist thought, rituals, and diplomatic relations with the Song Dynasty.
The iconographical representations in the lower register of the illustration, stupa rising from the ground and Ajātaśatru and Sāriputra worshiping the stupa, are understood as reflecting the attaining Buddhahood and the practice of repentance, which are central to the Lotus Sutra. In particular, Ajātaśatru was the fundamental figure who led Sakyamuni to preach to Queen Vaidehi the “sixteen visions,” the method to visualize the Western Pure Land of Amitayus and achieve reincarnation in the Paradise. Ajātaśatru is the icon of hope, who ultimately attained Buddhahood through penitence despite his act of immorality of killing his father. As the representations of the stupa and Ajātaśatru are depicted side-by-side in the Illustration, the stupa comes to the endowed with the meaning of an auspicious pagoda that only those who have repented of their wrongdoings can see, and they therefore symbolize salvation. The prevalence of the representations of stupa and Ajātaśatru as important iconographical depictions of the Illustration of the assembly of Sakyamuni preaching at vulture peak is because the images reflect the Buddhist culture at the time, when there prevailed religious practices such as recitation transcription of the Lotus Sutra and ceremonial repentance before the Buddha and Bodhisattva(Yecham).
This study goes beyond the visual characteristics of the Illustration of the assembly of Sakyamuni preaching at vulture peak and interprets the iconographical representations through an understanding of the Buddhist culture embedded in the social changes and historical transition of late-Goryeo and based on Buddhism and its thought.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 법화경 간행과 영산회상변상도
• Ⅲ. 남송 법화경 판본의 유입과 법화경신앙
• Ⅳ. 예참의식과 영산회상변상도의 아사세왕과 보탑도상
• Ⅳ. 맺음말
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 강호선, "원간섭기 천태종단의 변화" 16 : 2001

2 이승희, "고려후기 정토불교회화의 연구 : 천태·화엄신앙의 요소를 중심으로" 홍익대학교 대학원 2011

3 이승희, "고려후기 입상 아미타불도상의 재해석 -천태16묘관수행법의 영향을 통해서-" 한국미술사학회 289 (289): 65-92, 2016

4 이승희, "고려후기 西福寺 觀經十六觀變相圖의 天台淨土信仰的 해석" 한국미술사학회 279280 (279280): 5-34, 2013

5 문선희, "고려시대『妙法蓮華經』寫經變相圖의 도상 연구" 한국미술사학회 264 (264): 5-34, 2009

6 정병삼, "고려 후기 鄭晏의 불서 간행과 불교신앙" 불교학연구회 24 : 403-436, 2009

7 이영자, "韓國天台思想의 展開" 민족사 1988

8 雲墨, "釋迦如來行蹟頌"

9 허흥식, "眞靜國師와 湖山錄" 민족사 1995

10 了圓, "法華靈驗傳"

11 "法華經"

12 "東文選"

13 "普賢菩薩行法經"

14 허흥식, "天台思想과 東洋文化" 불지사 1997

15 이승희, "1323년 知恩院 소장 관경16관변상도와 천태관상수행" 불교미술사학회 20 : 39-73, 2015