Transnational advocacy networks and the socialization of human rights in china and honduras

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The question of how relatively new organized transnational network mechanisms have been able to bypass domestic administration to effectively drive change has become a recent and emerging discourse in international relations. These relatively new organizing tools such as transnational networks have been seen as part of the workings to invoke the legitimacy of human rights on domestic and international levels. By the mid- to late 1990s, there was a process of ‘norm cascade’ underway as the influence of international human rights norms diffused rapidly. The cascade pertains to when internationally diffused sphere of common ideas such as human rights norms or conducts acquire a common quality and become unchallenged. (Risse, Ropp, and Sikkink 1999). The diffusion takes place as states adopt norms in response to international pressure along with demands of domestic movements (Finnemore and Sikkink, 1998).
The term “Transnational Action Network” or TAN, was adopted by Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink. This transnational network theory argues that individuals and groups come together because of shared norms that may influence not only the state preferences, but also the preferences of individuals and groups elsewhere through a combination of persuasion, socialization, and pressure. The interactions of these transnational networks create meaningful patterns, the most common of which is the “boomerang” which emphasizes that national and transnational movements link with each other to create pressure from below and above, the domestic and international respectively. This thesis seeks to explain the emergence of such collective action in China and Honduras.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Acknowledgements ………………………………………………………… i
• Abstract ……………………………………………………………………..iii
• List of Figures ………………………………………………………………iv
• List of Acronyms ……………………………………………………………v
• Introduction …………………………………………………………………1
• Norms and Transnationalism
• Norm Influence ……………………………………………………...6
• Transnational Advocacy Networks ………………………………...10
• Boomerang Effect
• Socialization of Human Rights …………………………………….17
• TAN Activity and the Kimi de Honduras Case ……………………………26
• TAN Activity and the Falun Gong Case …………………………………..37
• Conclusion …………………………………………………………………55
• Bibliography ……………………………………………………………….61