This study is intended to review political leadership of president George W. Bush of USA along with his foreign policies, and then to review its outcomes and limitations. As the world is rapidly changing, the reason why foreign policies of super-powe...
This study is intended to review political leadership of president George W. Bush of USA along with his foreign policies, and then to review its outcomes and limitations. As the world is rapidly changing, the reason why foreign policies of super-powered country, USA and political leadership of Bush is that foreign policies of USA has largely affected not only USA itself but also many other countries, and that Bush's leadership appeared in its diplomatic policies is quite different from that of other presidents of USA. Core foreign policies which USA takes in post Cold-war era are that USA actively intervenes world problems with super military power and attempted to extend free democracy and free market economy system. Especially, USA is leading New World Order after Cold war emphasizing slogan of America First and the principles of independence and on-way policy. Moreover, with its Number 1 military power in the world, USA ha been more focusing on economic benefits than ever before while it deploys full-fledged diplomacy. Under these environments, Bush administration has emphasized internationalism led primarily by USA based on power. His administration showed a policy that USA actively intervenes problems related directly to USA, and attempts first to solve them with dialogues and negotiations, otherwise it will use strong physical power to solve those problems. These policies are that USA is more likely to rely on standard and problem-solving principle of USA rather than dialogues and arbitraries through counter-countries, antagonized countries or
international organizations to practice benefits of USA. This principle of "One-Way" is believed to be essence of political leadership led by president Bush. This study shall review political leadership of Bush appeared in his foreign policies in U.N, Europe, Middle and South America, Middle East, North East Asia and Han peninsula respectively. It's for specifically clarifying what differences are appearing depending on each local area and environment of local practices which pretty much vary based on characteristics of USA's foreign policies.
In addition, this study evaluated Bush's political leadership implemented in his foreign policies using 6 principles of political realism of Hans J. Morgenthau. It's because Morgenthau defined international politics as 'Struggle for power' emphasizing danger coming from legal and systematical approach and he explained personal attribute is finally connected to that of a country which results in power-centric trends in international politics, and this is most likely to be applied for describing Bush's political leadership. In addition, a leadership is regarded as an important thing in foreign policies of political leader, and taking into account this aspect, it is seen that Bush's leadership has been variably applied with large amplitude depending on situations and countries by its leadership of revolutionist demolishing old rules and that of manager maintaining current situation. As the result, his foreign policies showed the principle of dichotomy simply identifying angel and evil in terms of teleology, and it stood for international idealism carrying out war on terrors. But in terms of methodology, it is estimated to show thorough realistic leadership. Especially, USA is believed to show limitation of Bush's political leadership by generating critical error which has equalized passions of specific countries with morality governing world. Finally, foreign policies and political leadership of Bush underestimated the fact that it should have pursued for free democracy and economic globalization through balance not through power, and ignored the fact that multilateral foreign policies are necessary for solving conflicts of international society and agonies, and under this principle, the role of USA is extended. Therefore, this study suggests, under the thesis that USA should pursue for world freedom, democracy and peace and security not just for it's own freedom, democracy, peace and security, that for these purpose, USA should pay attention to other country's culture and history, and build strong allies and partnership with other countries, and finally recover its leadership for world
Keyword : George W. Bush, Unite State of America, Foreign policy, Political leadership, Realism, The principle of 'One Way', Multilateralism