국제정치에서 “적과 동지의 구분”에 대한 소고 = 칼 슈미트(Carl Schmitt)의 “정치적인 것(das Politische)”을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

International Politics is born with a classification of friend and enemy. This is an undeniable historic fact. This study is reconstructing the division between friend and enemy, which is a reality of International Politics, in a point of view of International Political ideas. The object of reconstruction wil be 「The concept of the Political」 a work written by Carl Schmitt. Schmitt’s work, 「The concept of the Political」 will be reorganized wholly and based on those constituted details the reality of International Politics in the early 21 st Century will be reconsidered.
Schmitt explains war, nation, the right of belligerency (jus belli) and International organization on the reason of “the Political. “The Political is a two-faced concept. One is ‘Collectivization’ of mankind and the other is that collectivization is divided into an idea of “friend and enemy by the existential standard. By nature human cannot run away from these Political facts. Enemy has a meaning of ‘Publicity’ - hostis - and it is an unfamiliar group which giv? an extreme denial to the way how other groups exist.
‘Statehood’ (Staatlichkeit) clearly shows its character when a war breaks out. However, a ‘Total State' (totaler Staat) in the situation of a midway is not a state that can externally prescribe an enemy, use the right of belligerency and start a war. To Schmitt this kind of Total State should renovate itself to a Classical State and the most fruitful means will be clarifying the identity of an external enemy. From the early 21st Century America is classifying its friend and enemy based on “The Political and also welcoming a rebirth in becoming a Classical State.

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