인간 본성(本性)의 교육적 의미에 대한 고찰 -합리성, 자연성, 본래성의 통합적 관점에서 = A Study on the Educational Meaning of Human Nature: A Synthesis of Rationality, Naturalness and Authenticity

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Studies and discussions of human nature are necessary and crucial to human lives and education, since human beings become good when they know their own nature or full realization, However, educational practices and educators nowadays ignore the fundamental question, and they only try to perform immediate tasks such as accomplishments in examinations, This study starts from the problem, There have been many thoughts regarding human nature, but most of them focused on one part of human nature that is a complex body of reason, sensibility and will. Studies examining the complex, totality of human nature with regard to education are rare. This study examines rationality of human beings through Plato, Kant, and liberal education theories. They argue that reason is the highest capability controlling emotions and will, and education should aim to realize human rationality through knowledge and logical thinking. It examines naturalness through Confucius, Mencius and Rousseau. They show that ``Ren(仁)`` or ``amour de soi`` is based on good nature of human being and they can be realized through observing the good self and sympathizing with others. This study examines authenticity through existentialism and Taylor. They argue that modern people lose their true selves and follow ordinal customs. In order to become authentic, human being should listen to conscience and choose their own ways with will to conscience or will to power, Through the examination, it discovers what the fundamental nature of human is and what the ideal state of human through education is, Rationality, naturalness and authenticity are all fundamental natures of human and the three natures foster one another to become whole person, Conclusion shows the three nature should be fostered in balance according to persons and situations, and we should focus on authenticity in the age of the collapse of sincerity and seriousness. It suggests death education and in-depth dialogue in order to recover authenticity in relation with rationality and naturalness.

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