거문도닥나무(Wikstroemia ganpi (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim.) 자생지의 생육환경과 식생구조 = Growth Environment and Vegetation Structure of Native Habitats of Wikstroemia ganpi(Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present study was to survey the site environment, vegetation structure and soil characteristics in the wild habitats of Wikstroemia ganpi in Goheung, Busan and Ulsan, and offers basic information for habitat conservation and restoration. Most of the wild habitats were located at altitudes between 28~242m with inclinations ranged as 0~40°. The canopy openness was 57.56%. The vegetation structure by the PC-ORD based on the Two Way Cluster Analysis were divided into three groups CommunityⅠ (Castanea crenata-Pinus densiflora), Community Ⅱ(Quercus dentata-Pinus thunbergii) and CommunityⅢ (Pinus thunbergii). The species diversity was 1.3650, and evenness and dominance were found recorded as 0.8666 and 0.1333, respectively. The soil textures were silty loam and sandy loam. The average soil pH was 5.5, electric conductivity was 0.15dS/m, soil organic matter was 2.60% and available phosphorus was 4mg kg-1. Correlation coefficients based on environmental factors, vegetation and soil analysis were showed that positive correlations between species diversity and evenness, organic matter and total nitrogen, whereas species slop degree and coverage of herb, diversity and dominance were showed negative correlations.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 고흥, 부산 및 울산지역에 분포하는 거문도닥나무 자생지의 입지 환경, 식생구조 및 토양특성을 조사하여 자생지 보전 및 복원을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 거문도닥나무 자생지는 해발 28~242m에 위치하고, 경사는 0~40°로 다양하며, 수관개방율은 57.56%로 나타났다. PC-ORD를 이용한 이단계 군집분석 결과 군집 Ⅰ(밤나무-소나무군집), 군집 Ⅱ(떡갈나무-곰솔군집), 군집 Ⅲ(곰솔군집) 등 세 개의 식물군집으로 분리되었다. 종다양도는 평균 1.3650이며, 균등도와 우점도는 각각 0.8666과 0.1333으로 나타났다. 조사대상지의 토성은 미사질양토와 사양토이며, 토양산도는 pH5.5, 전기전도도는 0.15dS/m, 토양유기물함량은 2.60%, 유효인산함량은 4mg kg-1으로 확인되었다. 환경특성과 식생 및 토양분석 결과에 기초한 상관분석에서는 종다양도와 균등도, 유기물함량과 전질소함량은 정의상관관계를 보였고, 경사와 초본층의 피도, 종다양도와 우점도는 부의관계를 형성하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 신현탁, "현존식생 내 초본층과 매토종자와의 관계" 한국환경과학회 20 (20): 127-135, 2011

2 천경식, "울릉도 미역고사리(Polypodium vulgare L.) 자생지의 입지환경특성" 한국환경생태학회 26 (26): 1-10, 2012

3 안진갑, "울릉도 고유종인 섬시호를 중심으로 동북아시아 시호속 식물의 계통과 보전생물학" 한국환경생태학회 22 (22): 18-34, 2008

4 정진현, "우리나라 산림토양의 지역별 이화학적 특성" 한국임학회 91 (91): 694-700, 2002

5 성정원, "쇠뿔현호색 (Corydalis cornupetala Y.H.Kim et J.H.Jeong) 자생지의 생육환경과 식생구조" 한국환경생태학회 27 (27): 271-279, 2013

6 김효정, "산닥나무속 식물 군락의 식생과 토양특성 - 倭楮(산닥나무와 거문도닥나무)를 중심으로 -" 한국전통조경학회 26 (26): 51-60, 2008

7 이상훈, "멸종위기종 한계령풀(Leontice microrhyncha S. Moore)의 서식지 및 분포 특성" 한국환경생태학회 25 (25): 819-827, 2011

8 이명훈, "매토종자와 현존식생과의 관계" 한국환경생태학회 24 (24): 638-647, 2010

9 한봉호, "강원도 대관령 목장 현존식생 및 식물군집구조" 한국환경생태학회 27 (27): 579-591, 2013

10 Satake, Y., "Wild Flowers of Japan" Woody Plant, Heibonsha Ltd 81-82, 1989

11 Whittaker, R. H, "Vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains" 26 (26): 1-80, 1956

12 Lee, S. W., "Studies on forest soils in Korea(Ⅱ)" 54 : 25-35, 1981

13 Miller, H.G., "Soils, An Introduction to Soils and Plant Growth" Prentice-Hill 1990

14 Falk, D.A., "Scientific and policy conservations on reintroduction of endangered species" 94 (94): 287-315, 1992

15 National Institute of Biological Resources, "Red Data Book of Endangered Vascular Plants in Korea" National institute of biological resources 2012

16 Korea National Arboretum, "Rare Plants Data Book of Korea" Korea National Arboretum 2008

17 McCune, B., "PC-ORD. Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, Version 5. 10" MjM Software 2006

18 Hong, H. H., "One species of Korean Wikstroemia (Thymelanaceae) : W. ganpi (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim" 29 (29): 391-396, 1999

19 Kalra, Y.P., "Methods manual for forest soil and plant analysis. Forestry Canada, Northwest Region" Northern Forestry Centre 1991

20 Pearson, K., "Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution, On homotyposis in homologous but differentiated organs" 71 : 288-313, 1895

21 Cox, G. W., "Laboratory Manual of General Ecology" Wn. C. Brown Co 232-, 1976

22 "Korea National Arboretum"

23 "Korea Meteorological Administration"

24 IUCN, "IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1"

25 Ohwi, J., "Flora of Japan" Smithonian Ins 646-, 1984

26 Brower, J.R., "Field and Laboratory Methods for General Ecology" Wm. C. Brown Company 194-, 1977

27 Qiaoming, L., "Ex situ genetic conservation of endangered Vatica guangxiensis (Dipterocarpaceae) in China" 106 (106): 151-156, 2002

28 Machado, J., "Evaluation of several measures of canopy openness as predictors of photosynthetic photon flux density in deeply shaded conifer-dominated forest understory" 29 : 1438-1144, 1999

29 Ellenberg, H., "Einfubrung in die Phytologie Ⅳ" Stuttgart 136-, 1956

30 Kim, E. H., "Ecological characteristics of Leontice microrhyncha community in Mt. Jumbong" The Catholic University of Korea 2007

31 Pielou, E. C., "Ecological Diversity" John Wiley and Sons 168-, 1975

32 Kim, H. J., "Conservation biology of Wikstroemia trichotoma Community" Chungnam National University 2009

33 Kitamura, S., "Coloured Illustrations of Woody Plants of Japan. Vol. Ⅰ" Hoikusha 225-226, 1957

34 Kim, J.W, "Classification and Assessment of Plant Communities" Worldscience 240-, 2006

35 Curtis, J.T., "An Upland Forest Continuum in the Prairie-Forest Border Region of Wisconsin" 32 (32): 476-496, 1951

36 Primack, R. B., "A Primer of Conservation Biology" Sinaurer Associates 2004