공중 보건 문제에 대한 국제법적 대응 - WHO 및 UN에서의 논의를 중심으로 - = International Law and Public Health: Development in the World Health Organization and the United Nations

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

International community suffers from severe emerging infectious diseases. Although threats from inter-state armed conflicts have been reduced after the end of the Cold War, “non-traditional” security threats, including outbreaks of deadly diseases pose more serious threat to international community, given their lethality and ripple effects on the entire countries and regions crossing the borders and continents. Especially, Ebola which broke out in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia in December 2013 spread out in the West Africa, thereby threatening peace and security in the entire region of Africa. On August 8, 2014, the World Health Organization(WHO) declared the Ebola outbreak a“Public Health Emergency of International Concern(PHEIC)” under the International Health Regulations(IHR 2005). On September 8, 2014, the United Nations Security Council adopted resolution 2177, determining that “the unprecedented extent of the Ebola outbreak in Africa constitutes a threat to international peace and security.”Resolution 2177 states for the first time in the history of the United Nations that it has considered a disease outbreak as such“a threat to international peace and security”. Since securitization of the public health has become a cross-border issue which can not be effectively managed by the effort of an individual country, internationally binding regulations need to be established. In facilitating the legalization of the cross-border issues of public health, the international community, based upon the shared recognition of infectious diseases as a threat to international peace and security, need to facilitate mechanisms of the United Nations, the World Health Organization and other relevant international organizations, such as adoption of recommendations, guidelines or resolutions, amendment of IHR and accumulation of the state practices.

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