양육스트레스와 사회적 지원이 어머니 양육효능감에 미치는 영향 = The Impact of Parenting Stress and Social Support on the Parenting Efficacy of Mothers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to understand the overall tendency of parenting efficacy, the difference by social demographic variables, and the relation between parenting stress and social support. Moreover, the main idea was to grasp the parenting efficacy of mothers by looking through the social demographic variables, the stress of parenting, and the role of social support relatively influencing parenting efficacy. This was done in order to supply basic data about: 1) variables that affect parenting efficacy and 2) the educating and healing program development, which is used to improve parenting efficacy.
The subjects of this research consisted of 309 mothers of elementary school children located in Suwon and Hwaseong, South Korea. The research data were collected through structured questionnaires. The mother's parenting efficacy scale was developed by Choe, Hyung Sung(2002) and revised by Lee, Yoon Jin(2006). The parenting stress scale was adapted by Seo, Hye Young(1991) from Parenting Stress Index/Short Form[PSI/SF](Abidin, 1990). The Social support scale was developed by Shin, Suk Jea(1997).
SPSS 10.0 Windows Program was used for data analysis. The data was analyzed by using frequency analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Duncan-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and Multiple Regression analysis.

The results of this study can be summarized as follows:
First, the subjects of this research had high parenting efficacy. The mothers had much stronger beliefs that they can deal well with the control ability and healthy rearing ability as parents among the subordinate factors of parenting efficacy. They tended to feel less parenting stress and their social support was generally high.
Second, there were no differences in the mother's parenting efficacy depending on the infant's social demographic variable. However, there were differences in parenting efficacy by academic background of mothers, and there were differences with overall child-rearing ability and education ability in subordinate factors of parenting efficacy. Moreover, there were differences in regards to the communication ability by employment status of the mothers. In the Duncan-test, most of the subjects in the mother group had at least a college graduation as well as a higher parenting efficacy than the mother group whose subjects didn't attain a high school graduation. The group which consisted of mothers who had graduated vocational college had a much higher confidence in dealing with their education ability than the mother group with less than a high school graduation.
Third, there were negative correlations between a mother's parenting efficacy and their parenting stress. On the other hand, there were positive correlations between a mother's parenting efficacy and their social support.
Fourth, relative influence about the overall parenting efficacy and a healthy rearing ability were affected most significantly by the cooperation of their husbands out of subordinate factors of social supports, secondly by the parent-child dysfunctional interaction out of subordinate factors of parenting stress, and finally by the assistance from the surrounding environment. In subordinate factors of parenting efficacy, social support had a significant effect on parenting efficacy and parent distress. Parent-child dysfunctional interaction on the other hand, influenced parenting efficacy. Communication ability was affected by parent-child dysfunctional interaction and the cooperation of their husbands. Education ability was affected by the cooperation of husbands, the academic background of mothers, and the parent-child dysfunctional interaction. Control ability affected the cooperation of husbands the most and secondly, the parent-child dysfunctional interaction.
In conclusion, a mother's parenting efficacy was a significant variable related to negative parenting stress, positive social support, a mother's academic background, and the state of employment among social demographic variables. However, the most significant variable affecting a mother's parenting efficacy was the support from their husbands, with the next one being the parent-child dysfunctional interaction.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• I. 서론 = 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 = 1
• 2. 연구문제 = 4
• 3. 용어 정의 = 5
• II. 이론적 배경 = 6
• 1. 양육효능감 = 6
• 1) 양육효능감의 개념 = 6
• 2) 양육효능감 관련 연구 = 8
• 2. 양육스트레스 = 14
• 1) 양육스트레스의 개념 = 14
• 2) 양육스트레스와 양육효능감 = 16
• 3. 사회적 지원 = 17
• 1) 사회적 지원의 개념 = 17
• 2) 사회적 지원과 양육효능감 = 19
• III. 연구방법 = 23
• 1. 연구대상 및 절차 = 23
• 2. 측정도구의 구성 = 24
• 1) 양육효능감 = 24
• 2) 양육스트레스 = 25
• 3) 사회적 지원 = 26
• 3. 자료 분석 = 27
• IV. 연구결과 = 29
• 1. 어머니 양육효능감과 양육스트레스, 사회적 지원의 전반적 경향 = 29
• 2. 유아와 어머니의 사회인구학적 변인에 따른 어머니 양육효능감의 차이 = 30
• 3. 어머니 양육효능감과 양육스트레스, 사회적 지원과의 관계 = 33
• 4. 어머니 양육효능감에 대한 양육스트레스, 사회적 지원의 상대적 영향력 = 35
• V. 결론 및 제언 = 39
• 1. 결과 요약 및 논의 = 39
• 2. 제언 = 46
• 참고문헌 = 48
• 부록 = 58
• ABSTRACT = 66