Interpersonal communication : competency through critical thinking

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• PREFACE = xxi
• PART I: FOUNDATIONS
• CHAPTER 1 INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION: A LIBERAL ART = 3
• Objectives = 3
• Developing Your Communication Potential = 5
• Building Your Interpersonal Style = 6
• What Is Interpersonal Communication? = 8
• What Makes Communication Interpersonal? = 8
• Communicating Skillfully = 11
• Considering Culture = 13
• Considering Critical Thinking = 14
• Why Do We Communicate? Motivational Theory = 15
• Abraham Maslow = 15
• William Schultz = 17
• Considering Ethics = 18
• Why Take a Liberal Arts Perspective? = 18
• Ethical Communication = 19
• Considering Ethics = 20
• Goals of This Book = 20
• Gaining Self-Knowledge = 20
• Discovering Commonality with Others = 21
• Identifying the Process of Communication = 21
• Applying Communication Principles = 21
• Recognizing Basic Elements of Communication = 21
• Communicating Skillfully: Goal Setting = 22
• Developing Clear Interpersonal Communication = 22
• Striving for Quality = 22
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 22
• Review Terms and Concepts = 23
• Putting Theory into Practice = 23
• For Extended Study = 24
• CHAPTER 2 CRITICAL THINKING AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION = 27
• Objectives = 27
• What Is Critical Thinking? = 29
• Advantages of Critical Thinking = 29
• Scholarship in Interpersonal Communication = 30
• Reflecting Instead of Reacting = 31
• The Tools of Critical Thinking = 32
• Reasoning = 32
• Deductive and Inductive Reasoning = 34
• Communicating Skillfully = 35
• Cogency = 35
• Evidence = 36
• Considering Ethics = 36
• Kinds of Evidence = 38
• Communicating Skillfully = 39
• Ways to Use Critical Thinking = 39
• The Dialectic = 39
• Communicating Skillfully = 40
• Considering Culture = 41
• Disagreement Versus Reasoned Criticism = 41
• Fallacies = 42
• Considering Critical Thinking = 42
• Hasty Generalization = 42
• Begging the Question = 42
• Communicating Skillfully = 43
• Complex Questions = 43
• Ad Hominem Fallacy = 43
• False Analogy = 44
• Slippery Slope = 44
• Conditions That Block Critical Thinking = 45
• Prejudice = 45
• Groupthink = 46
• Considering Culture = 47
• Conditions That Foster Critical Thinking = 47
• Reflective Thinking = 47
• Considering Critical Thinking = 49
• Open-mindedness = 50
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 50
• Review Terms and Concepts = 51
• Putting Theory into Practice = 51
• For Extended Study = 53
• PART II: THE INTRAPERSONAL MONOLOGUE
• CHAPTER 3 PERSON PERCEPTION AND COMMUNICATION = 55
• Objectives = 55
• The Perception Process = 57
• Perception = 57
• Selection = 58
• Organization = 59
• Interpretation = 60
• Perceptual Problems = 61
• Cultural Variations = 61
• First Impressions = 63
• Stereotyping = 64
• Considering Critical Thinking = 64
• Halo Effect = 64
• Considering Critical Thinking = 65
• Identity Cues = 65
• Communicating Skillfully: The Detective Exercise = 66
• Other Barriers to Perception = 67
• Allness = 67
• Blindering = 67
• Fact-Inference Confusion = 67
• Sharpening Your Perceptions = 69
• Seek More Information = 69
• Considering Ethics = 70
• Empathize with Others = 71
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 71
• Review Terms and Concepts = 71
• Putting Theory into Practice = 72
• For Extended Study = 73
• CHAPTER 4 SELF-CONCEPT AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION = 75
• Objectives = 75
• What Is the Self-Concept? = 77
• Stages in Self-image Development = 78
• Considering Culture: Caste Systems = 80
• The Residual Self-Concept = 80
• The Self-Concept Is Multifaceted = 81
• The Experiences of Self-Esteem = 82
• Self-Concept and the Self-Fulfilling Prophecy = 83
• The Self-Concept and Communication with Others = 84
• Reflected Appraisal = 85
• Raising Self-Esteem Through Supportive Language = 85
• Communicating Skillfully = 85
• Considering Critical Thinking: How Valid Is Criticism = 86
• Considering Ethics = 87
• Ways of Strengthening the Self-Concept = 87
• The Power of Habit = 89
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 90
• Review Terms and Concepts = 91
• Putting Theory into Practice = 91
• For Extended Study = 92
• PART III: TNE INTERPERSONAL DIALOGUE
• CHAPTER 5 DEVELOPING RELATIONSHIPS: SMALL TALK, SELF-DISCLOSURE, RHETORICAL SENSITIVITY, AND CONFIRMATION = 95
• Objectives = 95
• Conversational Skills in Initial Encounters = 97
• First Moves = 98
• Small Talk = 98
• Uncertainty Reduction and Interpersonal Style = 100
• Self-Disclosure = 100
• Self-Disclosure in Relationships = 101
• Self-Disclosure and Self-Knowledge = 102
• Communicating Skillfully: Johari Window Exercise = 103
• Considering Ethics = 104
• Social Penetration = 104
• Consider This Connection = 105
• Why Not Self-Disclose? = 107
• Rhetorical Sensitivity = 107
• Considering Culture = 108
• Communicating Skillfully = 109
• Confirmation = 111
• Disconfirming Responses = 111
• Confirming Responses = 112
• Communicating Skillfully = 113
• Considering Culture: Relational Analysis = 114
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 114
• Review Terms and Concepts = 115
• Putting Theory into Practice = 115
• For Extended Study = 118
• CHAPTER 6 LANGUAGE: NEGOTIATING REALITY = 121
• Objectives = 121
• What Is Language? = 124
• Language and Symbol = 124
• Communicating Skillfully = 125
• Symbol and Meaning = 125
• Language Is Rule Governed = 126
• Language Is an Activity, a Behavior = 126
• Language and Self Identity = 127
• Negotiating Realities = 128
• Considering Culture = 129
• Coordinated Management of Meaning = 130
• Communication Competence = 131
• Language and Perception = 132
• Considering Critical Thinking: The Sapir-World of Debate = 132
• Consider These Translations = 135
• Considering Ethics = 137
• Understanding in a World of Words = 138
• Language Is Not Neutral = 138
• Words Are at Various Levels of Abstraction = 139
• People Use Language in Habitual Ways = 140
• Communicating Skillfully = 142
• Sensitivity = 142
• Clarity = 143
• Flexibility = 143
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 144
• Review Terms and Concepts = 144
• Putting Theory into Practice = 144
• For Extended Study = 145
• CHAPTER 7 NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR IN INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS = 147
• Objectives = 147
• What Is Nonverbal Behavior? = 149
• Trends in the Study of Nonverbal Behavior = 150
• The Importance of Nonverbal Behavior in Relationships = 151
• The Communication Package: Your Semiotic Potential = 151
• Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication = 152
• Communicating Skillfully = 153
• Communicating Skillfully = 153
• The Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Social Interaction = 154
• Communicating Skillfully = 156
• The Nonverbal Repertoire = 156
• Paralinguistics = 156
• Kinesics and Eye Behavior = 157
• Considering Critical Thinking = 159
• Considering Culture = 160
• Proxemics = 165
• Considering Culture = 166
• Considering Ethics = 167
• Breaking the Rules = 167
• Territoriality = 168
• Haptics or Touching Behaviors = 168
• Physical Characteristics = 169
• Communicating Skillfully = 172
• Artifactual Communication = 172
• Sensitivity, Receptivity, and Accurate Comprehension = 172
• Considering Culture = 173
• Conscious Feedback = 174
• Attitude = 174
• Sending Nonverbal Messages with Clarity = 174
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 175
• Review Terms and Concepts = 176
• Putting Theory into Practice = 176
• For Extended Study = 177
• CHAPTER 8 LISTENING = 181
• Objectives = 181
• Listening and Interpersonal Communication = 183
• How Does Listening Differ from Hearing? = 183
• Informational Listening = 184
• Poor Informational Listening = 185
• Pseudo-Listening = 185
• Listening in Lectures = 185
• Tuning Out Because Speaker or Topic Is Boring = 186
• Wasting the Differential Between Thought and Voice Speed = 186
• Better Ways to Listen for Information = 187
• Focus on Key Points Instead of Remembering Facts = 187
• Exploit Thought / Voice Speed Differential = 187
• Use Effective Methods of Remembering = 188
• Empathic Listening = 189
• Types of Poor Empathic Listening = 189
• Being Unwilling to See the Other Side = 190
• Not Listening with Support = 190
• Listening Is Hard Work = 190
• Being Too Empathic = 191
• Improving Empathic Listening = 192
• Paraphrasing = 192
• Keeping Some Objectivity = 192
• Critical Listening = 192
• Considering Critical Thinking = 193
• Roadblocks in Critical Listening = 193
• Personas Are Powerful = 194
• Focusing on Status Rather Than Ideas = 194
• Falling for "Doublespeak" = 194
• Being Overly Critical = 195
• Making Incorrect Inferences = 195
• Considering Ethics = 195
• Failure to Look for Supporting Evidence = 196
• Better Ways to Listen Critically = 196
• Checking for Supporting Evidence = 196
• Making Sure Reasoning Is Cogent = 196
• Insisting on Correct Inferences = 197
• Dialogic Listening = 197
• "Ours" Instead of "Mine" = 198
• Open-ended and Playful = 198
• In Front Rather Than Behind = 198
• Presentness = 199
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 200
• Review Terms and Concepts = 200
• Putting Theory into Practice = 201
• For Extended Study = 202
• PART IV: SOCIO-CULTURAL DYNAMICS IN RELATIONSHIPS
• CHAPTER 9 CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS = 205
• Objectives = 205
• Intimate Relationships = 207
• Why Do Close Relationships Develop? = 207
• Needs = 208
• Rewards and Relationships = 209
• Consider This: Do Opposites Attract? = 209
• Stages in Close Relationships = 210
• Tensions and Turning Points = 212
• Considering Ethics = 212
• "Why Can't a Man Be Like a Woman?" = 213
• Sexual Attraction = 214
• Romantic Attraction = 215
• Compatible Temperaments = 215
• Couples Who Are Friends = 216
• Shared Values = 216
• Considering Critical Thinking = 217
• Conflict in Close Relationships = 217
• Destructive Approaches = 217
• Advantages of Conflict = 220
• Effective Ways to Handle Conflict = 220
• See the Problem from the Other Side = 220
• Listen = 221
• Mutual Problem Solving or Principled Negotiating = 221
• Communicating Skillfully = 223
• Five Stages of Relationship Disintegration = 223
• Friendship = 226
• Foundations of Friendship = 227
• Conflict Between Friends = 227
• Considering Culture = 228
• Why Do Some Friendships End? = 228
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 229
• Review Terms and Concepts = 229
• Putting Theory into Practice = 229
• For Extended Study = 231
• CHAPTER 10 FAMILY INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION = 233
• Objectives = 233
• The Family System = 236
• Considering Communicating Skillfully = 237
• Family as an Open System = 237
• Functions of Family Communication = 237
• Support = 238
• Personality and Identity = 239
• Value Formation = 239
• Family Communication and Everyday Life = 240
• Family Roles, Rules, and Interaction Patterns = 240
• Gender and Roles = 240
• Considering Critical Thinking = 241
• Family Communication "Rules" = 244
• Considering Culture = 244
• Considering Critical Thinking = 245
• Interaction Patterns = 245
• Family Communication Networks = 246
• Conflict: Unavoidable, Inevitable, and Manageable = 248
• The Typical Family Is Not So Typical = 251
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 253
• Review Terms and Concepts = 254
• Putting Theory into Practice = 254
• For Extended Study = 255
• CHAPTER 11 PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIPS = 257
• Objectives = 257
• Why Work Relationships Differ from Other Kinds = 259
• Communication Climate = 260
• Try This = 261
• Roles in the Workplace = 261
• Work Rules = 262
• Leaders in Organizations = 263
• Leadership Styles = 263
• Autocratic = 263
• Bureaucratic = 264
• Persuasive = 264
• Participative = 265
• Directions of Communication = 266
• Downward Communication = 266
• Upward Communication = 267
• Communicating Skillfully = 267
• Horizontal Communication = 268
• Considering Culture = 269
• Employee Communication to Customers = 269
• The Quiet Customer = 270
• The Grapevine as a Communication Channel = 270
• Small Groups = 272
• Successful Meetings = 276
• Considering Critical Thinking = 276
• Interviews = 277
• The Job Interview = 277
• What Not to Do in a Job Interview = 279
• The Employee Evaluation Interview = 281
• Considering Ethics = 281
• The Information-Gathering Interview = 282
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 283
• Review Terms and Concepts = 283
• Putting Theory into Practice = 284
• For Extended Study = 285
• CHAPTER 12 INTERPERSONALLY SPEAKING IN THE GLOBAL VILLAGE: ISSUES OF CULTURE AND GENDER = 287
• Objectives = 287
• What Is Intercultural Communication? = 289
• How Intercultural Communication and Interpersonal Communication Differ = 290
• How Do Cross-Cultural, Multicultural, and Intercultural Differ? = 291
• Why Study Interculrural Communication? = 292
• Understanding Culture and Diversity = 297
• Communicating Skillfully = 297
• What Is Culture? = 297
• Considering Culture: Is This Man Crazy? = 298
• What Is a Co-Culture? = 299
• Communicating Skillfully = 300
• Cultural Diversity's Many Forms = 301
• Considering Ethics = 302
• Considering Critical Thinking = 304
• How Do Cultures Differ? = 304
• Individualism-Collectivism = 304
• Communicating Skillfully = 305
• High Context and Low Context Cultures = 306
• Becoming Interculturally Competent = 307
• Motivation = 307
• Knowledge = 308
• Skills, or a Way of Being = 309
• Six Stumbling Blocks in Intercultural Pathways = 311
• Assumed Similarity = 311
• Language = 311
• Nonverbal Communication = 312
• Preconceptions and Stereotypes = 312
• Tendency to Evaluate = 312
• High Anxiety = 313
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 314
• Review Terms and Concepts = 314
• Putting Theory into Practice = 315
• For Extended Study = 315
• CHAPTER 13 INTERPERSONALLY COMMUNICATING IN A MEDIATED WORLD: THE TECHNOLOGICAL EMBRACE = 319
• Objectives = 319
• The Prevalence of Media in Daily Life = 321
• Why Discuss Media in a Book About Interpersonal Communication? = 321
• The Connection Between Interpersonal and Mass Communication = 323
• The Role of Media in Interpersonal Communication = 324
• What Is Interpersonal Mediated Communication? = 325
• The Difference Between Mass Media and Mass Communication = 325
• Communicating Skillfully = 325
• Consequences of Mass Media for Interpersonal Communication = 327
• Communicating Skillfully = 328
• Considering Critical Thinking = 331
• Media Images and Media Reality = 332
• Self Identity and the Media = 333
• Sex Role Development = 333
• Communicating Skillfully: Sex Roles on Prime-Time Television = 334
• Interpersonal Media Images = 334
• Strategies for Mediated Communication = 335
• Considering Ethics = 336
• Considering Culture: Minority Images on Television = 338
• Interpersonal Communication, New Technology, and the Future = 341
• Looking Back - Looking Forward = 341
• Review Terms and Concepts = 342
• Putting Theory into Practice = 342
• For Extended Study = 343
• GLOSSARY = 345
• REFERENCES = 355
• INDEX = 369