신라 上古期의 도성 구조와 金城․月城의 성격 = The Structure of the Capital in the Early Silla Period and the Character of Guemseong Fortress and Wolseong Fortress

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The landscape of the capital city in the early Silla period was established in earnest after the mid-3rd century, initially taking the form of a palace and ritual facility. The capital city in the early Silla period was formed around Guemseong Fortress and Wolseong Fortress. There is a lot of controversy over the location and character of Guemseong Fortress, especially as it denies the existence of Guemseong or plays a role as the royal castle for a very short time.
However, Guemseong is the most frequently mentioned fortress in literature historical records. In addition, it is confirmed that kings lived in Guemseong even after the construction of Wolseong, and the historical records on good signs and bad signs are also concentrated on Guemseong. The royal castle in the early Silla period was Guemseong. Based on the latest research on the paleo topography of the Gyeongju Basin, I found the location of Guemseong in the high ground area around Cheomseongdae, or in high ground area from Hwangnam-dong to Sajeong-dong, southwest of Daerungwon Park (Great royal tombs area).
The wall of Wolseong Fortress was built in the 4th century, and its ditch-shaped moat was built in the 5th century. When the fortress wall was first built in Wolseong, ditch-shaped residences were scattered inside and outside, so it was not completely isolated from the surrounding area. Wolseong was first used as a military defense fortress by utilizing the location conditions of hills.
Guemseong Fortress was usually the function of the royal castle in the early Silla period, and Wolseong Fortress, located in the hills, played the role of a military defense fortress. The capital structure of the early Silla is basically the same as that of Baekje during the Hanseong Period and Goguryeo during the Goknaeseong Period. However, Wolseong was in charge of the function of the palace from the middle Silla period, and the previous Geumseong Fortress was gradually destroyed as a city area, making it difficult to find traces of it now.