부적응적 완벽주의와 자존감이 심리적 고통에 미치는 영향: 자기 가치감의 영역별 수반성의 조절된 매개효과 = Effects of Maladaptive Perfectionism and Self-Esteem on Psychological Distress: A Moderated Mediation Model of Contingencies of Self-Worth

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present study attempted to build a comprehensive model of maladaptive perfectionism, self-esteem, contingencies of self-worth, and psychological distress by testing a moderated mediation model. Two hundred and thirty seven university students participated in this study. The study results indicated that first, the mediating role of self-esteem between maladaptive perfectionism and psychological distress was confirmed. Second, only the virtue area out of the five areas of contingencies of self-worth moderated the relation between self-esteem and psychological distress. Finally, the moderated mediation analysis indicated that the moderating effect of the virtue area of contingencies of self-worth was significant in the model of self-esteem as mediator between maladaptive perfectionism and psychological distress. Individuals with high maladaptive perfectionism tend to have lower self-esteem, which leads to high levels of psychological distress; if the individual with low self-esteem considers virtue or morality as a critical factor in self-worth, his/her psychological distress worsens. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 부적응적 완벽주의, 자존감, 자기 가치감의 수반성, 심리적 고통 간의 관계에 대한 통합적인 모델을 탐색하였으며, 부적응적 완벽주의와 심리적 고통의 관계에서 자존감의 매개효과에 대한 자기 가치감의 수반성 영역의 영향을 조절된 매개효과 분석(a moderated mediation analysis)으로 검증하였다. 서울 소재 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생 237명이 설문지 조사연구에 참여하였다. 분석 결과, 먼저 부적응적 완벽주의와 심리적 고통의 관계에서 자존감의 매개효과가 확인되었다. 다음으로 자존감과 심리적 고통의 관계에서 자기 가치감의 수반성의 5개 영역의 조절효과를 분석한 결과, 이 중 도덕성 영역이 조절변인의 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 부적응적 완벽주의와 심리적 고통의 관계에서 자존감의 매개모형에서 자기 가치감의 도덕성 영역의 조절된 매개효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 부적응적 완벽주의가 높으면 자존감이 낮아지게 되고 심리적 고통을 경험하게 되는데, 이 때 자존감이 낮으면서 자기 가치감의 평가에서 도덕성을 중요하게 여기면 심리적 고통을 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 완벽주의 연구 문헌에서 도덕성과 윤리와 관련된 경험 연구의 부재 및 완벽주의 성향을 보이는 대학생 상담을 중심으로 본 연구 결과가 가지는 이론적․실제적 의의를 논의하였다.

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