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      公職腐敗에 대한 法的 統制 硏究 = (A) study on legal control over corruption of public officials

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      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T9870733

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      다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

      According to Transparency International in 2004, the corruption awareness index of Korea is 4.5. Among 146 countries, it is 47 in rank, so anti-corruption awareness is important in Korea. We experienced that corruption of public officials in particular hindered the efficiency of policies, caused the distrust of the nation, and acted against the national economy. This study defines corruption of public officials in terms of Anti-corruption Laws. It also provides the basis of legal control by analyzing causes and structures of public officials corruption. Public officials corruption is not considered the personal problem of a public official who commits a wrongdoing, but a structural, systematic problem in this study. From that perspective, the cause of public officials corruption is understood as the synthesis of many causes: human, cultural, economic, institutional, structural, and environmental causes. In addition, inquiry into anti-corruption laws of countries which succeeded in driving out corruption to some degree, such as Singapore, Hong Kong, and the United States of America presents legislative suggestions in Korea. Strong will of the government, improvement in legal systems like strict law enforcement, establishment of public service ethics, and anti-corruption policies based on the trust of the nation can drive out public officials corruption. Hence, we follow precedents in establishing legal systems.
      In Korea, there are basic Anti-corruption Laws. There are also Public Officials Ethics Laws and criminal laws which act as disciplinary laws against acts of corruption. However, they are not efficient in regulating public officials corruption. This study discusses problems and improvement methods so that Anti-corruption Laws can be efficient. In other words, by revising Anti-corruption Laws, the Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) should have actual independence and stronger advisory rights of system Improvement. An Investigation Bureau of High-ranking Officials Corruption should be established. Its right to investigate should be acknowledged. ACC should function as an integral organization for anti-corruption. It should also function not only as a controlling institution after the corruptive acts but also as a preventive, educational institution. Systems should be improved so that it can also focus on protecting informants and guaranteeing their anonymous status. Codes of Conduct for Public Officials should be revised in the Public Officials Ethics Law. The scope for public officials whose property should be registered has to be extended. The Public Service Ethics Committee should be reinforced. Finally, as an after-control of public officials corruption, this study discusses bribery crimes in criminal laws. Problems with the concept of bribery in the current system are discussed, and improvement methods are presented. Bribes are distinguished from social courtesy. Bribery criminals culpability has to be assessed reasonably. Methods to improve the efficiency of criminal punishments are researched: indeterminate sentences should be extended; systems of conditional release should be limited; and paroles and pardons should be limited.
      Legal systems regarding public officials corruption alone cant drive out corruption. However, it is true that legal systems are needed as touchstones against corruption. It is expected that this study will be used as legislative material in revising laws against corruption. In addition, corruption will be expelled with the reform of consciousness, renovation of social/economic systems, and the strong will of the government.
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      According to Transparency International in 2004, the corruption awareness index of Korea is 4.5. Among 146 countries, it is 47 in rank, so anti-corruption awareness is important in Korea. We experienced that corruption of public officials in particula...

      According to Transparency International in 2004, the corruption awareness index of Korea is 4.5. Among 146 countries, it is 47 in rank, so anti-corruption awareness is important in Korea. We experienced that corruption of public officials in particular hindered the efficiency of policies, caused the distrust of the nation, and acted against the national economy. This study defines corruption of public officials in terms of Anti-corruption Laws. It also provides the basis of legal control by analyzing causes and structures of public officials corruption. Public officials corruption is not considered the personal problem of a public official who commits a wrongdoing, but a structural, systematic problem in this study. From that perspective, the cause of public officials corruption is understood as the synthesis of many causes: human, cultural, economic, institutional, structural, and environmental causes. In addition, inquiry into anti-corruption laws of countries which succeeded in driving out corruption to some degree, such as Singapore, Hong Kong, and the United States of America presents legislative suggestions in Korea. Strong will of the government, improvement in legal systems like strict law enforcement, establishment of public service ethics, and anti-corruption policies based on the trust of the nation can drive out public officials corruption. Hence, we follow precedents in establishing legal systems.
      In Korea, there are basic Anti-corruption Laws. There are also Public Officials Ethics Laws and criminal laws which act as disciplinary laws against acts of corruption. However, they are not efficient in regulating public officials corruption. This study discusses problems and improvement methods so that Anti-corruption Laws can be efficient. In other words, by revising Anti-corruption Laws, the Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) should have actual independence and stronger advisory rights of system Improvement. An Investigation Bureau of High-ranking Officials Corruption should be established. Its right to investigate should be acknowledged. ACC should function as an integral organization for anti-corruption. It should also function not only as a controlling institution after the corruptive acts but also as a preventive, educational institution. Systems should be improved so that it can also focus on protecting informants and guaranteeing their anonymous status. Codes of Conduct for Public Officials should be revised in the Public Officials Ethics Law. The scope for public officials whose property should be registered has to be extended. The Public Service Ethics Committee should be reinforced. Finally, as an after-control of public officials corruption, this study discusses bribery crimes in criminal laws. Problems with the concept of bribery in the current system are discussed, and improvement methods are presented. Bribes are distinguished from social courtesy. Bribery criminals culpability has to be assessed reasonably. Methods to improve the efficiency of criminal punishments are researched: indeterminate sentences should be extended; systems of conditional release should be limited; and paroles and pardons should be limited.
      Legal systems regarding public officials corruption alone cant drive out corruption. However, it is true that legal systems are needed as touchstones against corruption. It is expected that this study will be used as legislative material in revising laws against corruption. In addition, corruption will be expelled with the reform of consciousness, renovation of social/economic systems, and the strong will of the government.

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      목차 (Table of Contents)

      • 목차 = ⅰ
      • 제1장 서론 = 1
      • 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
      • 제2절 연구의 범위와 방법 = 2
      • 제2장 공직부패에 관한 일반이론 = 4
      • 목차 = ⅰ
      • 제1장 서론 = 1
      • 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
      • 제2절 연구의 범위와 방법 = 2
      • 제2장 공직부패에 관한 일반이론 = 4
      • 제1절 공직부패의 개념 = 4
      • 1. 부패 = 4
      • 2. 공직부패 = 6
      • 3. 공직부패에 대한 법제 = 9
      • 제2절 부패의 유형 = 10
      • 1. 주체 및 수단에 의한 분류 = 10
      • 2. 형태에 의한 분류 = 11
      • 3. 규모에 의한 분류 = 12
      • 4. 그 밖의 분류 = 12
      • 제3절 공직부패의 구조와 원인 = 13
      • 1. 공직부패 구조분석의 개념과 목적 = 14
      • 2. 공직부패의 기본구조 - 확장적 입체적 순환구조 - = 15
      • (1) 개인부패의 구조적 특징 = 16
      • (2) 조직부패의 구조적 특징 = 17
      • (3) 체제부패의 구조적 특징 = 18
      • 3. 공직부패의 원인 = 19
      • (1) 인적 요인 = 20
      • (2) 문화적 요인 = 22
      • (3) 경제적 요인 = 23
      • (4) 제도적 요인 = 23
      • (5) 체제적 요인 = 26
      • (6) 환경적 요인 = 28
      • 제3장 외국의 부패규제 법제 = 31
      • 제1절 싱가포르 = 31
      • 1. 부패통제의 배경 및 역사 = 31
      • 2. 부패방지법과 부패수사국 = 32
      • (1) 부패방지법 = 33
      • (2) 부패수사국(Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau) = 36
      • 3. 부패행위 유인의 감소 = 37
      • 제2절 홍콩 = 38
      • 1. 부패통제의 배경과 역사 = 38
      • 2. 부패관련법제 = 40
      • (1) 뇌물방지조례(Prevention of Bribery Ordinance) = 40
      • (2) 염정공서(廉政公署, Independent Committee Against Corruption) = 44
      • 제3절 미국 = 46
      • 1. 부패통제의 배경과 역사 = 46
      • 2. 부패관련 법제 = 47
      • (1) 정부윤리법(Ethics in Government Act) = 47
      • (2) 윤리개혁법(Ethics Reform Act) = 51
      • (3) 기타 법규 = 52
      • 제4절 시사점 = 54
      • 제4장 우리나라의 공직부패 방지를 위한 기본법 = 57
      • 제1절 부패방지법 = 57
      • 1. 부패방지법의 제정 = 57
      • 2. 부패방지위원회 = 58
      • (1) 부패방지위원회의 조직 = 58
      • (2) 부패방지위원회의 기능과 권한 = 58
      • 3. 내부고발자 보호제도 = 60
      • (1) 내부고발자의 의의 = 61
      • (2) 내부고발자 보호제도의 필요성 = 63
      • (3) 내부고발자 보호제도의 내용 = 65
      • 4. 주민감사청구권 = 73
      • 5. 부패방지법의 문제점 및 개선방안 = 74
      • (1) 부패방지위원회의 독립성 보장 = 74
      • (2) 제도개선 권고권의 강화 = 74
      • (3) 조사권의 인정 = 75
      • (4) 고위공직자비리조사처의 설치 = 77
      • (5) 부패업무의 총괄과 견제 = 78
      • (6) 사전예방과 교육 중심적 기능강화 = 80
      • (7) 신고자의 신변보호 및 신분보장의 문제 = 81
      • (8) 보상제도의 문제 = 86
      • 제2절 공직자윤리법 = 87
      • 1. 공직자윤리법의 제정 = 87
      • 2. 재산등록 및 공개 = 89
      • 3. 공직자윤리위원회 = 90
      • (1) 공직자윤리위원회의 조직 = 90
      • (2) 공직자윤리위원회의 권한 = 91
      • 4. 공무원 행동강령 = 92
      • (1) 공무원 행동강령의 필요성 = 92
      • (2) 공직자윤리 법상의 공무원 행동강령 = 94
      • 5. 문제점 및 개선방안 = 96
      • (1) 재산등록제도의 문제점 및 개선방안 = 96
      • (2) 공직자윤리위원회의 조직강화 = 100
      • (3) 형벌 부과의 적정화 = 103
      • (4) 선물수수의 규제 = 104
      • (5) 취업제한의 통합 = 105
      • 제5장 부패방지에 대한 우리나라의 형법적 규제 = 108
      • 제1절 형법 = 108
      • 1. 뇌물죄의 보호법익 = 109
      • 2. 수뢰죄 = 110
      • (1) 수뢰죄의 주체 = 110
      • (2) 직무관련성 = 112
      • (3) 뇌물 = 115
      • 3. 증뢰죄 = 118
      • 4. 사전수뢰죄 = 119
      • 5. 제3자뇌물공여죄 = 119
      • 6. 수뢰후 부정처사죄 = 120
      • 7. 사후수뢰죄 = 120
      • 8. 알선수뢰죄 = 120
      • 9. 증뇌물전달죄 = 121
      • 제2절 특별형벌법규 = 121
      • 1. 특정범죄가중처벌등에관한법률 = 121
      • 2. 특정경제범죄가중처벌등에관한법률 = 122
      • 3. 공무원범죄에관한몰수특례법 = 123
      • 4. 범죄수익은닉의규제처벌등에관한법률 = 124
      • 제3절 OECD뇌물방지협약과 관련 국내법의 제정 = 125
      • 1. 반부패정책의 국제적 전개 = 125
      • 2. OECD 뇌물방지협약 = 128
      • (1) 뇌물방지협약의 논의배경 및 체결과정 = 128
      • (2) 뇌물방지협약의 내용 = 130
      • 3. 관련 국내법의 제정과 형법상 '뇌물죄'와의 관계 = 133
      • 제4절 형사적 제재의 문제점과 개선방안 = 136
      • 1. 부패범죄에 있어 양형의 문제 = 136
      • (1) 낮은 양형의 이유 = 136
      • (2) 공무원범죄의 가중처벌문제 = 139
      • (3) 양형의 합리화 도모 = 142
      • 2. 명단공개제도의 도입 = 144
      • 3. 연급지급의 제한 = 145
      • 4. 증뢰자 보호 = 145
      • 5. 형벌 집행의 실효성 확보 = 146
      • (1) 단기자유형 선고의 확대 = 146
      • (2) 선고유예 · 집행유예의 제한 = 148
      • (3) 가석방 제한 = 149
      • (4) 사면권제한 = 150
      • 제6장 결론 = 151
      • 참고문헌 = 153
      • Abstract = 166
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