한국 정당개혁의 모델 = 프로그램정당

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Despite recent party reforms, old problems of Korean party politics have persisted such as unstable party system characterized by repeated creations and disappearances of parties, personalized party politics, parties based on the regional cleavage, and wide-spread public distrust in parties. The reforms based on the catch-all or electoral-professional party models could not ameliorate these problems since they sought efficiency at the expense of the democratic values of fair representation, participation and political freedom. Even there exists some empirical evidence that these reforms have distorted the representativeness of elections in the direction of disadvantaging people of lower socioeconomic status. The question is: where can we find an alternative party model that can be utilized to reform Korean parties? This paper proposes, as a model for party reform for Korean politics, the programmatic party which has a distinct, consistent and coherent programmatic or ideological agenda. It tries to show the potentials of the programmatic party model in solving problems of Korean party politics by comparing it with the electoral-professional party model and the mass party model in various dimensions such as the programmatic distinctiveness, the size and character of party members, the nature of party's connection with the civil society, and the level of democratization in intra-party decision-making including nomination of party candidates. In addition, it claims that the Korean presidential system can operate more smoothly with programmatic parties with distinct programmatic agenda than with electoral-professional parties which are prone to degenerate into power-seeking pragmatic parties.