The purpose of this study is to review the differences and resemblances between Ausubel's explanatory teaching and Bruner's discovery teaching For the purpose, I tried to answer the followed questions; 1. What is the role of the advanced organizer and...
The purpose of this study is to review the differences and resemblances between Ausubel's explanatory teaching and Bruner's discovery teaching For the purpose, I tried to answer the followed questions; 1. What is the role of the advanced organizer and explanation in Ausebel's theory? 2. What is the role of the structure of knowledge and discovery in Bruner's theory? 3. How can explanatory and discovery be understood by the ters of the process of internalization of knowledge? Ausubel's explanatory teaching focuses on the process of attaining knowledge on the basis of the advanced organizer. But Bruner's discovery teaching is focuses on exposing the nature of knowledge on the basis of the structure of knowledge. The advanced organizer is defined as a general explanation that teacher shows before the class begins on surface. But if we consider the process of internalizing knowledge, we can see that it should be regarded as being in learner's mind as the factor of study.
But, Bruner's discovery is the method to achieve the structure of knowledge through middle language. The view of common sense, that Bruner's discovery teaching is characterized like that, is not wrong. But if we observe the process of internalizing knowledge, we can see that the structure of knowledge should be defined as the factor of internalization that learner had already. Ausubel's explanatory teaching and Bruner's discovery teaching have a possibility to be shown of that both are not same with criticizing one of two sides of the process of internalizing knowledge, that is, the process of attaining knowledge and the character of knowledge. But seen above, on the view of the internalization of knowledge, these have to be considered at the same time.
The similarity between knowledge and mind to learn makes it possible that the study occurs. The knowledge on surface does not look similar to mind but observing that the study occurs, we have to comprehend that they have similarity. Ausubel has called the knowledge having to be similar as the advanced organizer on the basis of the process of attaining knowledge, and Bruner has called it as the structure of knowledge or subject language. Therefore the internalization of knowledge is said to be constructed through constant process of rotation between the advanced organizer or the structure of knowledge and knowledge.
Expressing with Oakeshott's term, this process of rotation is said to be the process of rotation between information and knowledge as the factor of study in mind of learner and educational contents. Learner can achieve the meaning in information through this process of rotation. And the condition that the meaning is his mind is said to be the condition that he comprehend the educational contents.
To sum up, Bruner's discovery teaching shows the fact that the factor of study - judgement, the advanced organizer or the structure of knowledge - is in learner's mind, and Ausubel's explanatory teaching does the process that the study actually occurs on the basis of the factor.