세균 분류학의 기본 개념들 = Basic Concepts of Bacterial Taxonomy

국문 초록 (Abstract)

분류학의 세 구성 요소는 분류(classification), 명명법(nomenclature) 및 동정(identification)이다. 전통적으로 세균의 분류와동정은 세균의 형태학적, 생화학적 데이터에 근거를 두어 시행되었다. 소위 자연적 개념이라고 불리는 새 이론에서는세균들간의 관계를 표현형적, 유전형적인 특성 둘 다의 전체적인 유사성에 근거를 두어 기술한다. 현대의 분류학인 다상적 분류학(polyphasic taxonomy)은 유전형적, 표현형적, 계통발생학적인 정보들을 모두 통합하여 공감되는 형태의 일반적목적의 분류를 하는 것이다. 생화학적 검사에 근거를 둔 일상적인 동정법이 실패하면 전체 16s rRNA 유전자 염기서열분석과 같은 대체동정법이 필요하다. 비록 16s rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석법이 밀접하게 관련된 균종을 감별할 수 있을만큼 변별력이 충분하지 못할 경우가 가끔 있지만 그 결과는 그러한 균종 동정에 필요한 추가 분석법에 대해 제시를해줄 수도 있을 것이다.

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