‘미니-퍼블릭’ 실험 제안 -지방의회 선거제와 추첨제 논쟁을 바탕으로- = A proposal on mini-public experiment: Focusing on the debate on election and lottery system for local council

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In ancient Athens, representatives were chosen mainly by lottery, not by elections. Aristotle argued that choosing by lottery is democratic while election is oligarchic. Two thousand years later, Montesquieu and Rousseau agreed with the great philosopher. However, since the American and French Revolution that had ended despotic monarchy for modern democracy, election has prevailed as the sole method of choosing representatives. As voting rights expanded to the general public and political parties officially emerge, election system has become exposed to a number of problems despite its usefulness. Against this backdrop, the argument to experiment with the system by lottery rather than election, by borrowing the ancient wisdom, is gaining strength. This paper examines the relevant issues and implications of the ‘mini-public’, upon reviewing pros and cons of election and sortition, including implications drawn from meritocracy, We propose to choose the members of the city- and county-level councils in South Korea by lottery. That is because the primary local councils are relatively small and close to people. The mini-public would be a meaningful experiment to revive the Greek council in modern Korea; we believe, it will contribute to the realization of civil sovereignty and true grass-roots democracy.

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