After the separation of prescribing and dispensing drugs, since July 2007, people habitually go to hospital to receive prescription medicines instead of buying non-prescription drugs at pharmacies, even though they do not have serious diseases.
In the...
After the separation of prescribing and dispensing drugs, since July 2007, people habitually go to hospital to receive prescription medicines instead of buying non-prescription drugs at pharmacies, even though they do not have serious diseases.
In the first half of the year 2006, when the separation of prescribing and dispensing drugs was yet ineffective, the rate of visits to medical institutions by reason of mild diseases was no more than 5.4%, according to the Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs. Since the separation came into effect, however, it recorded 25.7 % in November 2001 and turned to rise up to 45.2% in January 2002. A result from this survey conducted in May 2007 showed that the rate further skyrocketed up to 67.4%.
In accordance with the growing rates of visits to medical institutions for mild diseases, the days of outpatient examination per capita increased by 4.9 days from 10.76 days in 2000 to 14.67 days in 2006, according to the National Health Insurance Corporation. For the same period, the days of prescription mounted up to 8.75 days from 3.76 days. The reality is, however, according to the IMS Health Korea, a company of survey on medical drug market, the market share of over-the-counter(OTC) medicines is only 20.8% as of 2006.
Therefore public benefits is increasing, and socio-economic burden is raising. Such a raising socio-economic expenses and excessive insurance reimbursements for mild diseases leading to the aggravated insecurity of health insurance for severe diseases like a cancer. It is a big problem. As a matter of fact, in case of the year 2006, the National Health Insurance Corporation paid more for common colds (7.32% out of the total annual payments) to medical institutions rather than for cancers (6.67%). Furthermore, there is a more obvious difference between the medical consultation cases for cancers and common colds at 0.16% and 19.74%, respectively.
This study intends to estimate the socio-economic expenses on condition that most people go to a doctor when they are sick slightly, and to seek a improvement methods on concerned issues. So this study is exercised by literature analysis and survey analysis. Therefore this study draw a conclusion like these.
According to a modeling analysis based on several statistics and this survey result, a social-economic burden has increased by 350,637 won per head in only six years (from 2000 year to 2006 year) after the separation of prescribing and dispensing drugs. This estimated number reflects an amount of raised health insurance premiums, personal shares in medical costs, which are not reimbursed by national health insurance, traffic expenses for visiting medical institutions, loss of labor force and so on. When it comes to the burden on the whole population, it can be translated into 16 trillion and 982.8 billion won(350,637 won x 48,434,000 persons), which excludes government’s shares.
Given circumstances, there is obviously more advanced efforts to reduce the days of outpatient examination and increase the security of health insurance for more severe diseases like cancers.
Based on this survey, an estimated saving of socioeconomic costs is almost 461 billion won (461,455,480,000 won) if every citizen reduces the number of days of outpatient treatment by one day and instead go to a pharmacy when have only a minor disease. In addition, patient’s own expense is estimated to be cut down by almost 23 billion won (22,535,470,000 won), and the reimbursement costs paid to medical institutions is estimated to reduce by about 271 billion won (270,983,970,000 won). We can save the loss of labor force valued approximately 168 billion won (167,936,040,000 won), and prevent a traffic problem due to frequent visits to medical institutions and public inconvenience and stress as well. Overall, economic benefits from going to pharmacies instead of hospitals would be huge.
Therefore, safe and efficacy-proven prescription drugs should be converted into ETC drugs for the purpose of encouraging the use of ETC drugs. This study result suggests that 11 kinds of prescription medicines should be re-categorized to OTC, and it will lead to a saving of health insurance expenses by 300.7 billion won on an annual basis, in turn.
Consumers agree to increase the number of non-prescription items, allow pharmacy colleges to extend the classes to six years and make the packages of OTC drugs smaller. On the other hand, they show a neutral position as to allowing OTC drugs to be sold in a unit of single table as well, approving the public advertisements for ethical(ETC) drugs and converting some reasonable candidates of ETC drugs into the OTC category.
Consumers said that it would be premature to sell OTC medicines at general supermarkets, and therefore still less persuasive is the argument made by doctors and civil organizations on the new classification of medicines into prescription drugs, non-prescription drugs sold only at pharmacies and general-purpose medicines sold at general supermarkets. According to this survey result, the best-sellers at pharmacies are mostly household medicines like digestives, pain-killers, cold remedies, anti-diarrhea agent etc (share 50.0%) , together with nutrients, tonic medicines and medicines for the liver and intestines etc (share 27.6%). If these items are allowed to be sold at general supermarkets, strike a blow to running pharmacies considerably.
Wider use of OTC medicines will result in a synergy effect; consumers can save their expenses and time for visiting doctors avoiding an inconvenience; the government can save national expenditure for health services; the National Health Insurance Corporation can improve the condition of health insurance finances; pharmaceutical companies can earn more revenues and secure stable profits; pharmacists can extend their function and improve equilibrium between incomes and outgoings.
To make a good chain reaction, first of all the government should adopt favorable policies to OTC drugs like increasing the OTC items ; mprove the system and organization on OTC drug reclassification and enlarge the category of OTC drug; raise the public awareness of self-medications using OTC medicines for mild disease; develop some incentive systems for pharmaceutical companies that invest more in developing and marketing OTC products and pharmacies that provide upgraded services and education for patients. But the government must not drive a short sighted strategy to save national expenditure for medicine services; ought not to enforce a new programs to win a popularity.
Pharmaceutical companies should make a effort to develop new and good OTC drug, and enforce a marketing about OTC drug. Pharmacists have to do their best including an OTC drug use education to increase patients’ compliance and to display a professionalism. People also raise common knowledge about medicines and healthcare, to use a drug when they are ill mildly. From the perspective of consumers, they have to fairly ask the government, drugs companies and pharmacists for their rights and interests. In this sense, it is recommended that each party should take its own responsibility and exercise its right. And then we obtain a good effect in terms of healthcare insurance finance and public benefit promotion.