Polyurethane composite foams for industrial applications : 산업응용을 위한 폴리우레탄 복합 발포체

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the automotive industry, polyurethane (PU) foam is utilized as a cushioning or sound-absorbing material, enhancing passenger comfort by minimizing noise and vibration. The physical properties of PU foam can be improved by adjusting the mixing ratio of the main materials or containing various fillers. In this study, the physical characteristics of PU foam were analyzed by adding melamine particles and a dispersant, as well as starfish particles and a silane coupling agent, respectively.
Acoustic Performance of Flexible Polyurethane Composite Foams Filled with Melamine Particles
The effects of additives on the sound absorption properties of PU composite foams were investigated. PU foams containing 3 wt% melamine particles showed excellent sound absorption properties. However, when the filler content exceeded 3 wt%, particle agglomeration occurred, leading to reduced sound absorption properties. A dispersant was added during the fabrication process to improve the interfacial compatibility between the PU matrix and melamine particles, resulting in a well-developed cavity and pore structure. The sound absorption characteristics of the PU composite foams were significantly improved in the frequency range below 2000 Hz. Our study highlights the importance of adjusting the concentration of additives and optimizing the cavity and pore structure of the material for achieving better sound absorption properties in PU composite foams.
Physical properties of PU foams including starfish particles treated with silane coupling agents
In this study, polyurethane composite foams containing raw and chemically treated starfish particles were manufactured and its effect on physical properties were investigated by analyzing FTIR, morphology, sound absorption, comfort, and dynamic mechanical properties. To improve the physical properties of polymer composite materials, the interfacial compatibility between the matrix and the filler is important, so the surface of the raw starfish particles was modified with silane coupling agents to improve the interfacial compatibility between the filler and the matrix. However, excessive filler content leads to PU matrix defects due to particle aggregation, so it is important to use the optimal filler content. Through cell morphology analysis of PU foam containing raw and chemically treated starfish particles, the cavity, pore size, and open porosity of PU foam containing chemically treated starfish particles were reduced, which led to sound scattering or reflection and improved sound absorption characteristics. In addition, PU foam containing chemically treated starfish particles increased strength and elasticity, showing high sag factor, storage modulus, and loss modulus.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

자동차 산업에서 폴리우레탄폼은 충격흡수 및 소음 차단 효과가 뛰어나 쿠션재, 흡음재로 널리 사용되고 있다. 이러한 폴리우레탄 폼은 원재료의 종류와 함량을 변경하여 반응 속도에 따라 내부 형태학을 조절할 수 있다. 따라서 폴리우레탄 폼의 내부 형태학을 제어하여 산업체에서 원하는 응용 분야에 맞춰 물성을 향상시키는 것이 중요하다.
본 연구에서는 원 재료에 멜라민파티클과 분산제를 첨가하여 실험을 진행하였다. 멜라민파티클 3 wt% 함량에서 공동 및 기공크기가 가장 작고 partially open pore의 비율이 높아 우수한 흡음특성을 나타내었다.
또한, 불사가리 입자과 실란 커플링제로 불가사리입자를 표면처리하여 물리적 특성을 비교하였다. 화학적으로 처리된 불가사리입자는 폴리우레탄 사슬과 계면상용성이 우수하여 매트릭스에 고르게 분산되었다. 이로 인해 불가사리분말이 폴리우레탄 매트릭스의 추가강성에 영향을 주어 sag factor, storage modulus, loss modulus는 증가하였다. 가공되지 않은 불가사리 입자와 화학적으로 처리된 불가사리 입자를 함유한 폴리우레탄 폼의 세포 형태 분석을 통해 화학적으로 처리된 불가사리 입자를 함유한 PU 폼의 공동, 기공 크기 및 개방 기공률이 감소하여 소리의 산란 또는 반사를 유도하여 흡음 특성이 향상되었다. 두 실험 모두 필러 함량이 과다하면 입자 응집으로 인해 PU 매트릭스 결함이 발생하므로 최적의 필러 함량을 사용하는 것이 중요하다. 폴리우레탄 폼의 물성을 측정하기 위해 FTIR, UTM, SEM, Impedance tube 등의 장비를 사용하여 분석하였다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. Background 1
• II. Acoustic Performance of Flexible Polyurethane Composite Foams Filled with Melamine Particles 3
• 1. Introduction 3
• 2. Experimental 5
• 3. Results and discussion 11
• 4. Conclusion 27
• III. Physical properties of PU foams including starfish particles treated with silane coupling agents 28
• 1. Introduction 28
• 2. Experimental 31
• 3. Results and discussion 41
• 4. Conclusion 66
• IV. References 67
• 초록 72