別細樂手(別細樂軍)의 연원과 변천: 훈련도감 細樂手에서 무위소 別細樂軍으로 = The Origins and Transformation of the Byeolseaksu(別細樂手) and Byeolseakgun(別細樂軍): From the Hunryeondogam Seaksu to the Muwiso Byeolseakgun

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

During the late Joseon Dynasty, military camps organized bands responsible for signaling and musical performances, primarily consisting of Chwigosu(吹鼓手) and Seaksu(細樂手). Within the Hunryeondogam(訓鍊都監), a distinct group referred to as Byeolseaksu(別細樂手) or Byeolseakgun (別細樂軍) emerged. However, the nature of this group remained unclear, leading to differing interpretations in previous research. This study examines historical records related to the Byeolseaksu(Byeolseakgun) to clearly determine their origins and characteristics, and analyzes their subsequent transformation in order to correct previous misconceptions.
The term Byeolseaksu first appears in the 󰡔Hungukdeungrok(訓局謄錄)󰡕 in 1719, and records in the 󰡔Bibyeonsadeungrok(備邊司謄錄)󰡕 suggest that this group was established before 1704. In the early 18th century, Byeolseaksu was formally organized as the Seaksu of the Hunryeondogam, with a fixed personnel of 25 members. Although it was temporarily reduced in 1745, the group was restored to 25 members during King Jeongjo’s reign, a structure that persisted until the King Gojong era. The Samhyeonyukgak(三絃六角) ensemble performed military music, playing for marching ceremonies.
In the late 19th century, during King Gojong's military reforms, the Hunryeondogam was integrated into the Muwiso(武衛所), leading to a transformation in the meaning of Byeolseaksu. However, none of the Byeolseakgun from the Muwiso were former members of the Hunryeondogam. This suggests that the concept of Byeolseakgun had expanded to represent the Seaksu of the Muwiso. The shift in the meaning of Byeolseaksu appears to have resulted from the connection between the Hunryeondogam and the Muwiso.
In summary, while Byeolseaksu exclusively referred to the Seaksu of the Hunryeondogam from the 18th century to the mid-19th century, its definition broadened following military restructuring.