Effects of Elevated Intracellular Cyclic di-GMP Levels on Biofilm Formation and Transcription Profiles of Vibrio vulnificus

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Effects of elevated intracellular 3',5'-cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) levels on biofilm formation and transcription profiles were evaluated to assess the functions of c-di-GMP in Vibrio vulnificus. Elevated c-di- GMP levels promoted biofilm formation and rugose colony development. Microarray analysis revealed that c-di-GMP influenced expression of genes belonging to different functional categories and more than 5% of the V. vulnificus genome. Among these, 10 genes potentially involved in biofilm formation were experimentally verified as subject to c-di-GMP regulation. c-di-GMP contributes to biofilm formation based on modulation of diverse cellular processes in V. vulnificus.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Casper-Lindley C, "VpsT is a transcriptional regulator required for expression of vps biosynthesis genes and the development of rugose colonial morphology in Vibrio cholerae O1El Tor" 186 : 1574-1578, 2004

2 Marco-Noales E, "Transmission to eels, portals of entry, and putative reservoirs of Vibrio vulnificus serovar E (biotype 2)" 67 : 4717-4725, 2001

3 Flemming HC, "The biofilm matrix" 8 : 623-633, 2012

4 Satchell KJ, "Structure and function of MARTX toxins and other large repetitive RTX proteins" 65 : 71-90, 2011

5 Irie Y, "Self-produced exopolysaccharide is a signal that stimulates biolm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa" 109 : 20632-20636, 2012

6 Boyd CD, "Second messenger regulation of biofilm formation: Breakthroughs in understanding c-di-GMP effector systems" 28 : 439-462, 2012

7 Paranjpye RN, "Role of type IV pilins in persistence of Vibrio vulnificus in Crassostrea virginica oysters" 73 : 5041-5044, 2007

8 Kim HS, "Role of NtrC-regulated exopolysaccharides in the biolm formation and pathogenic interaction of Vibrio vulnificus" 74 : 436-453, 2009

9 Russo DM, "Proteins exported via the PrsD-PrsE type I secretion system and the acidic exopolysaccharide are involved in biofilm formation by Rhizobium leguminosarum" 188 : 4474-4486, 2006

10 Hengge R, "Principles of c-di-GMP signaling in bacteria" 7 : 263-273, 2009

11 Liang Y, "Pellicle formation in Shewanella oneidensis" 10 : 291-, 2010

12 Guo Y, "Overlapping and unique contributions of two conserved polysaccharide loci in governing distinct survival phenotypes in Vibrio vulnificus" 13 : 2888-2990, 2011

13 Ferreira RB, "Output targets and transcriptional regulation by a cyclic dimeric GMP-responsive circuit in the Vibrio parahaemolyticus Scr network" 194 : 914-924, 2012

14 Johnson LR, "Microcolony and biolm formation as a survival strategy for bacteria" 251 : 24-34, 2008

15 Kim SM, "LuxR homologue SmcR is essential for Vibrio vulnificus pathogenesis and biofilm detachment, and its expression is induced by host cells" 81 : 3721-3730, 2013

16 Greenberg EP, "Induction of luciferase synthesis in Beneckea harveyi by other marine bacteria" 120 : 87-91, 1979

17 Guo Y, "Identification of a c-di-GMP-regulated polysaccharide locus governing stress resistance and biofilm and rugose colony formation in Vibrio vulnificus" 78 : 1390-1402, 2010

18 Goo SY, "Identication of OmpU of Vibrio vulnicus as a bronectin-binding protein and its role in bacterial pathogenesis" 74 : 5586-5594, 2006

19 Grau BL, "High-frequency phase variation of Vibrio vulnificus 1003: Isolation and characterization of a rugose phenotypic variant" 187 : 2519-2525, 2005

20 Barrios AF, "Hha, YbaJ, and OmpA regulate Escherichia coli K12 biolm formation and conjugation plasmids abolish motility" 93 : 188-200, 2006

21 Enos-Berlage JL, "Genetic determinants of biofilm development of opaque and translucent Vibrio parahaemolyticus" 55 : 1160-1182, 2005

22 Edgar R, "Gene expression omnibus:NCBI gene expression and hybridization array data repository" 30 : 207-210, 2002

23 Nakhamchik A, "Cyclic-di-GMP regulates extracellular polysaccharide production, biofilm formation, and rugose colony development by Vibrio vulnificus" 74 : 4199-4209, 2008

24 Costerton JW, "Bacterial biofilms in nature and disease" 41 : 435-464, 1987

25 Smith SG, "A molecular Swiss army knife: OmpA structure, function, and expression" 273 : 1-11, 2007

26 Simon R, "A broad host range mobilization system for in vivo genetic engineering transposon mutagenesis in gram negative bacteria" 1 : 784-791, 1983