汉字简化对地名读音的影响——以“玉林”“郁南”为例 = The influence of simplified Chinese characters on the pronunciation of place names -- a case study of Yulin and Yunan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The simplification movement of Chinese characters in the last century has a principle of "homophonic substitution", which is to combine some Chinese characters with the same pronunciation in mandarin to reduce the total number of characters in modern Chinese characters. Further, the same treatment was done on place names, replacing place names containing difficult characters with homophonic words in mandarin and fewer strokes in Chinese characters.
For example, "ABC" is homophonic in mandarin. The simplified way of Chinese characters is to cancel the traditional "C" and let "B" accept all the meanings of "C". Finally, only "AB" is left in the simplified character. In this case "ABC" is "玉郁鬱[y51". Based on the above method, “C” county in Yunfu city, Guangdong province and “C” city in Guangxi province were changed into “A” county and “B” city. However, the policy makers did not consult the local people. The language in those two cities is the cantonese dialect of Chinese, and the three words "ABC" are pronounced totally differently in the cantonese dialect ([juk55 juk22 wat55]). In retrospect, it is not advisable to combine characters with unrelated meanings in order to reduce the total number of characters. Moreover, according to the principle of "name follows owner", if words (such as "ABC") are read in different places, they should not be combined reluctantly.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

上世纪汉字简化运动有一个“同音替代”的原则，就是把部分汉语普通话读音相同的字合并了，以此来减少现代汉字的总字数。再进一步在地名上也做了相同的处理，把含有繁难字的地名用汉语普通话同音而且笔画较少的字符代替。比如 “ABC”三字在汉语普通话里同音，汉字简化的方法就是把繁体的“C”字取消了，并让“B”接收“C”的所有意义，最后简体字里只剩下“AB”两字。这里的“ABC”就是“玉郁鬱”了。在上面方法的推导下，把广东省云浮市“鬱南”县、广西省“鬱林”市改成了“郁南”县和“玉林”市。政策的制定者有考虑得不够周全的地方，他们应参考当地人的意见，以上两个地方通行的语言是汉语粤方言，而“郁玉鬱”三字在粤方言均不同音（juk55 juk22 wat55），合并的结果影响了当地人使用汉字准确表达自己家乡名字的权利。回头再看，这种为了减少汉字总数而把意义毫无关系的汉字合并的做法不可取。而且，根据“名从主人”的原则，如果两字（比如“郁鬱”）在地方上读不同音则不该勉强合并。

참고문헌 (Reference)

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