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    서비스종업원의 교환관계 확장이 직무관련 태도와 서비스 수행에 미치는 영향

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A100089758

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    부가정보

    국문 초록 (Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    본 연구는 서비스 종업원이 서비스 접점에서 관여하게 되는 네 가지 교환관계(POS, LMX, TMX, CMX)를 논의하고, 이들 교환 변수가 서비스 수행에 미치는 직접효과와, 조직몰입, 팀 몰입, 직무만족과 같은 태도변수를 통해 미치는 간접 효과를 검토한다. 교환변수 POS와 LMX는 그간 광범위하게 연구된 사회교환 개념인 반면, TMX 개념은 상대적으로 주목을 받지 못하였다. 그리고 고객과의 교환관계인 CMX 변수는 인사조직과 마케팅분야 모두에 새롭게 소개되는 개념이다. 일련의 확인요인분석을 실시한 결과 본 연구에 사용된 네 가지 교환 개념사이에는 실증적 독특성(empirical distinctiveness)이 존재하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 구조방정식 결과에 의하면 교환 변수 TMX, CMX는 감정적 반응을 나타내는 태도 변수 뿐만 아니라 종업원의 서비스 수행에도 강력한 직간접적 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. POS와 LMX는 태도 변수에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나, TMX와 CMX와 달리 서비스 수행 대해서는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 서비스 종업원이 팀 구성원이나 고객과 긍정적인 사회적 교환관계를 가질 때 서비스를 더 잘 수행한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 교환변수 TMX, CMX에 대한 보다 많은 관심이 필요함을 시사하는 것이다. 특히 CMX가 서비스 수행에 미치는 강력한 영향력은 아무리 강조해도 지나침이 없는 듯하다. 종업원이 고객으로부터 받는 긍정적인 피드백이나 감정적 지원은 뛰어난 서비스 수행을 위한 강력한 동기유발이 되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 본 연구를 통해 확인한 중요한 발견이라 할 수 있다. 또한 본 연구를 통해 팀 몰입의 중요성을 발견할 수 있었다. 팀에 대한 감정적 애착심은 서비스 종업원의 업무수행에 있어 중요한 태도변수 역할을 하였다. 조직에 비해 작업팀은 종업원의 직무 수행에 심리적으로 훨씬 두드러지게 작용하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
    번역하기

    본 연구는 서비스 종업원이 서비스 접점에서 관여하게 되는 네 가지 교환관계(POS, LMX, TMX, CMX)를 논의하고, 이들 교환 변수가 서비스 수행에 미치는 직접효과와, 조직몰입, 팀 몰입, 직무만족...

    본 연구는 서비스 종업원이 서비스 접점에서 관여하게 되는 네 가지 교환관계(POS, LMX, TMX, CMX)를 논의하고, 이들 교환 변수가 서비스 수행에 미치는 직접효과와, 조직몰입, 팀 몰입, 직무만족과 같은 태도변수를 통해 미치는 간접 효과를 검토한다. 교환변수 POS와 LMX는 그간 광범위하게 연구된 사회교환 개념인 반면, TMX 개념은 상대적으로 주목을 받지 못하였다. 그리고 고객과의 교환관계인 CMX 변수는 인사조직과 마케팅분야 모두에 새롭게 소개되는 개념이다. 일련의 확인요인분석을 실시한 결과 본 연구에 사용된 네 가지 교환 개념사이에는 실증적 독특성(empirical distinctiveness)이 존재하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 구조방정식 결과에 의하면 교환 변수 TMX, CMX는 감정적 반응을 나타내는 태도 변수 뿐만 아니라 종업원의 서비스 수행에도 강력한 직간접적 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. POS와 LMX는 태도 변수에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나, TMX와 CMX와 달리 서비스 수행 대해서는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 서비스 종업원이 팀 구성원이나 고객과 긍정적인 사회적 교환관계를 가질 때 서비스를 더 잘 수행한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 교환변수 TMX, CMX에 대한 보다 많은 관심이 필요함을 시사하는 것이다. 특히 CMX가 서비스 수행에 미치는 강력한 영향력은 아무리 강조해도 지나침이 없는 듯하다. 종업원이 고객으로부터 받는 긍정적인 피드백이나 감정적 지원은 뛰어난 서비스 수행을 위한 강력한 동기유발이 되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 본 연구를 통해 확인한 중요한 발견이라 할 수 있다. 또한 본 연구를 통해 팀 몰입의 중요성을 발견할 수 있었다. 팀에 대한 감정적 애착심은 서비스 종업원의 업무수행에 있어 중요한 태도변수 역할을 하였다. 조직에 비해 작업팀은 종업원의 직무 수행에 심리적으로 훨씬 두드러지게 작용하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

    더보기

    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    In this study, we address four types of exchange relationships-perceived organizational support (POS), leader-member exchange (LMX), team-member exchange (TMX), customer-member exchange (CMX) that customer contact employees may be involved in during a service encounter. The underlying paradigm of social exchange theory allowed us to develop a rich framework in which to investigate the effect of four different types of exchanges on important mediating variables (organization commitment, team commitment, and job satisfaction) and the ultimate influence of all antecedents on important employee service performance. While researchers have extensively studied POS and LMX, TMX is relatively unexplored and CMX is new in this study. Our empirical results provide evidence for the construct distinctiveness of the four exchange variable in this study. A series of confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that four-factor model for exchange is better structure than alternative factor models and retains sufficient discriminant validity among four exchange variables. We tested hypothetical relationships and found strong evidence that both TMX and CMX have significant effects on all attitudinal variables (organizational commitment, team commitment, and job satisfaction) and also strong direct and indirect effects on service delivery behaviors. While POS and LMX have significant on attitudinal variables, their lack of direct effects on employee service delivery suggested that the lower relevance of these variables relative to the strong effects of TMX and CMX. While not explored in previous studies, our results indicate that when service employees receive positive social exchange currencies from team members and customers, they perform better. Our findings suggest that researchers should pay more attention to understanding the effects of TMX and CMX on employees` service performance. The powerful effect of CMX on service performance cannot be overemphasized. Our findings imply that the positive feedback or emotional support that employees receive from customers is a strong motivator, which contributes in a significant way to excellent employee service performance. This is a new and important finding. Further, we found that service employees` emotional attachment to their team is an important attitudinal antecedent of their service performance. Based on the multiple commitment perspective, it appears that the work-team, as compared to the organization, is more psychologically salient in terms of job performance.
    번역하기

    In this study, we address four types of exchange relationships-perceived organizational support (POS), leader-member exchange (LMX), team-member exchange (TMX), customer-member exchange (CMX) that customer contact employees may be involved in during a...

    In this study, we address four types of exchange relationships-perceived organizational support (POS), leader-member exchange (LMX), team-member exchange (TMX), customer-member exchange (CMX) that customer contact employees may be involved in during a service encounter. The underlying paradigm of social exchange theory allowed us to develop a rich framework in which to investigate the effect of four different types of exchanges on important mediating variables (organization commitment, team commitment, and job satisfaction) and the ultimate influence of all antecedents on important employee service performance. While researchers have extensively studied POS and LMX, TMX is relatively unexplored and CMX is new in this study. Our empirical results provide evidence for the construct distinctiveness of the four exchange variable in this study. A series of confirmatory factor analyses confirmed that four-factor model for exchange is better structure than alternative factor models and retains sufficient discriminant validity among four exchange variables. We tested hypothetical relationships and found strong evidence that both TMX and CMX have significant effects on all attitudinal variables (organizational commitment, team commitment, and job satisfaction) and also strong direct and indirect effects on service delivery behaviors. While POS and LMX have significant on attitudinal variables, their lack of direct effects on employee service delivery suggested that the lower relevance of these variables relative to the strong effects of TMX and CMX. While not explored in previous studies, our results indicate that when service employees receive positive social exchange currencies from team members and customers, they perform better. Our findings suggest that researchers should pay more attention to understanding the effects of TMX and CMX on employees` service performance. The powerful effect of CMX on service performance cannot be overemphasized. Our findings imply that the positive feedback or emotional support that employees receive from customers is a strong motivator, which contributes in a significant way to excellent employee service performance. This is a new and important finding. Further, we found that service employees` emotional attachment to their team is an important attitudinal antecedent of their service performance. Based on the multiple commitment perspective, it appears that the work-team, as compared to the organization, is more psychologically salient in terms of job performance.

    더보기

    참고문헌 (Reference)

    1 서재현, "집단 응집성, 상사에 대한 신뢰, 직무만족이 팀 몰입과 조직몰입을 통해 조직시민행동 및 역할 내 행동에 미치는 간접효과에 대한 연구" 한국인사관리학회 27 (27): 1-22, 2003

    2 김영용, "종업원 태도의 발전 및 결과에 관한 연구: 팀 몰입과 조직몰입을 중심으로" 4 (4): 113-146, 2002

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    5 Bell, Simon J, "When Customers Disappoint: A Model of Relational Internal Marketing and Customer Complaints" 32 (32): 112-126, 2004

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    1 서재현, "집단 응집성, 상사에 대한 신뢰, 직무만족이 팀 몰입과 조직몰입을 통해 조직시민행동 및 역할 내 행동에 미치는 간접효과에 대한 연구" 한국인사관리학회 27 (27): 1-22, 2003

    2 김영용, "종업원 태도의 발전 및 결과에 관한 연구: 팀 몰입과 조직몰입을 중심으로" 4 (4): 113-146, 2002

    3 Schneider, Benjamin, "Winning the Service Game" Harvard Business School Press 1995

    4 Sergeant, Andrew, "When Do Customer Contact Employees Satisfy Customers?" 3 (3): 18-34, 2000

    5 Bell, Simon J, "When Customers Disappoint: A Model of Relational Internal Marketing and Customer Complaints" 32 (32): 112-126, 2004

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    7 Cole, Michael S, "The Workplace Social Exchange Network: A Multilevel, Conceptual Examination" 27 (27): 142-167, 2002

    8 Katz, Daniel, "The Social Psychology of Organizations" Wiley 1978

    9 Heskett, James L, "The Service Profit Chain: How Leading Companies Link Profit and Growth to Loyalty, Satisfaction, and Value" Free Press 1997

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    79 Major, Debra A, "A Longitudinal Investigation of Newcomer Expectations, Early Socialization Outcomes, and the Moderating Effects of Role Development Factors" 80 (80): 418-431, 1995

    80 Bagozzi, Richard P, "A General Approach for Representing Constructs in Organizational Research" 1 (1): 45-87, 1998

    81 Mathieu, John E, "A Cross-level Nonrecursive Model of the Antecedents of Organizational Commitment and Satisfaction,”" 76 (76): 607-618, 1991

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