숲 집단미술치료가 스마트폰 의존 중학생의 자기 통제력과 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 효과

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

M. A. Thesis

The effects of forest group art therapy on the self
control and psychological well-being of middle school
students dependent on the smart phone

Park, Ji-Sook

Department of Art Therapy
Graduate School of Environment and Public Health Studies,
Yeungnam University

Supervised by Professor. Choi, Sun-Nam

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of forest art therapy on the self control and psychological well-being of middle school students dependent on the smart phone. 200 first and second year middle school students at a middle school in an urban setting were administered a smart dependency scale. The upper 25% were 49 students (16 male and 33 female students) who had scores above 60. 18 students who agreed to participate in the study out of the 49 became the participants of this study. 9 students were designated as an experimental group and the remaining 9 as a control group. The experimental group received an 8 session art therapy from October, 2013 to November, 2013. Each session lasted 90 minutes. The instruments were the SCRS and PWBS, all administered before and after the therapy program, and at an follow-up evaluation, which was two weeks after the end of the program. An independent t-test was conducted to check the homogeneity of the groups. A repeated measure analysis and a simple main effects analysis were conducted to check the effects of the therapy program.
The findings of this study are as follows. First, the forest art therapy was effective in improving the self-control. As the participants interacted without using their smart phones in the forest, they could warm up to one another and more receptive to their problems. In this environment, the participants could understand themselves and their problems better in this environment. In addition, they could turn their attention to things around them, identify their smart-phone dependency and automatic thinking, further assisting other participants to improve the self-control in using a smart phone. Second, the forest group art therapy was effective in improving the psychological well-being of the participants. In an in-depth interview, the participants said they felt psychological well-being in the forest saying the following: 'the air was clean', 'I felt refreshed in my mind, maybe due to phytoncide from the trees', 'I liked the birds chirping, and felt relaxed in the green forest', 'I felt cramped in the school, but the forest is soothing'. These remarks indicate that the forest served as an environment causing psychological change in the participants, leading to a decrease in their problematic symptoms or behavior. Overall These findings suggest that the forest environment can be used as a measurement for a psychological evaluation.
This study showed that humans can recover their physical linguistic property in nature and that various kinds of therapeutic space can be used for art therapy, all of which are the significance of this study.


Keywords: forest group art therapy, smart phone-dependent middle school students,
self-control, psychological well-being.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
• 2. 연구문제 6
• 3. 용어의 정의 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 9
• 1. 중학생의 스마트폰 의존 9
• 2. 자기 통제력 11
• 3. 심리적 안녕감 14
• 4. 숲 집단미술치료 16
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 21
• 1. 연구대상 21
• 2. 연구도구 22
• 3. 프로그램 구성 24
• 4. 연구설계 및 절차 28
• 5. 자료분석 31
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 32
• 1. 숲 집단미술치료가 스마트폰 의존 중학생의 자기 통제력에 미치는 효과 32
• 2. 숲 집단미술치료가 스마트폰 의존 중학생의 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 효과 35
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 39
• 참고문헌 46
• Abstract 53
• 부 록 55