가야금 명인 김종기의 생애사에 대한 재고 = A Reconsideration of Life of a Gayageum Master, Kim Jong-Gi

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Kim Jong-Gi is the second generation of the gayageum(12-stringed zither) sanjo(solo instrumental music) and, at the same time, is the master musician of the geomungo(6-stringed zither), haegeum(2-stringed fiddle), danso(notched flute), janggu(hourglass-shaped drum), and pansori(epic vocal genre). Since he died in his thirties, there is little information about his artistic journey. To accurately illuminate Kim Jong-Gi’s musical life, a three-dimensional verification is necessary, involving his family background, lineage, educational process, and relationships with his peers through the network of relationships surrounding him.
Kim Jong-Gi came from a musical family. It can be inferred that he originally came from a musical family since his brother’s, and his father’s name is not on any of the genealogy of the Kim clan of Gimhae. His elder brother was also a master musician of the gayageum and the haegeum. At his time, multi-talented musicians mostly came from the musician family. Furthermore, the fact that Kim Jong-Gi’s gayageum teacher, Park Han-Yong, came from a musical family and that Kim Jong-Gi’s in-laws were musicians confirms that Kim also came from a musical family, considering the customs of musicians marrying within musical families. Kim Jong-Gi's original Chinese name is ‘金鍾基’, but he became known as ‘金宗基’ in the media while active in Gyeongseong(now Seoul). Kim Jong-Gi was born in 1905 and passed away in 1935. This can be deduced through his relationships and testimonies from individuals he collaborated with at the time, such as Park Rok-Ju, Im Bang-Wool, Shin Kwae-Dong, and Kim So-Hee. While Kim Jong-Gi’s birthplace is known as Jangsu in Jeolla-do Province, it is highly likely that his family originally came from Chungcheong-do Province, as stated by his nephew, Kim Su-Ak. It is reasonable to consider that he was born in Jeolla-do Province after his ancestors moved from Chungcheong-do Province.
Park Han-Yong is considered Kim Jong-Gi's teacher in geomungo sanjo. They have a mentor-disciple relationship within the ‘Gabi’ family. Baek Nak-Jun is considered Kim Jong-Gi’s teacher in geomungo. If Kim Jong-Gi is originally from Chungcheong-do Province, it is natural for him to have learned the geomungo from Baek Nak-Jun, who came from the shaman clan in Chungcheong-do Province. Kim Sam-Tae, Jung Geum-Rye, and Bang Geum-Seon can be mentioned as Kim Jong-Gi’s disciples. Kim Jong-Gi’s gayageum sanjo was properly passed down by Jung Geum-Rye, and it has been continued to the present by Kim In-Je and Kim Jin-Ae.
Kim Jong-Gi had a close friendship with Park Rok-Ju, a renowned singer of the time, and he was an active member of the ‘Joseon Vocal Music Research Society’, taking a leading role as a pioneering musician in the music scene in the early 1930s. After Kim Jong-Gi’s passing, the initiative in the gayageum field was carried on by Kim Chang-Jo’s disciples. The friendship between Kim Jong-Gi and Im Bang-Ul was special, and through their musical exchange, Kim Jong-Gi became a motivating force in creating a new style of gayageum sanjo. He formed deep connections with other musicians, such as Oh Tae-Seok and Park Jong-Gi, and expanded his musical world through collaboration with them.

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