The Federal fair housing enforcement effort : a report of the United States Commission on Civil Rights

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Introduction : The Mandate for Fair Housing
• Title Ⅷ of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 = 1
• The Equal Credit Opportunity Act = 2
• Title Ⅵ of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 = 2
• Section 109 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 = 3
• Executive Order 11,063 = 3
• Section 1982 of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 = 4
• Other Authorities = 4
• Chapter 1. Department of Housing and Urban Development
• Summary = 5
• Ⅰ. Program and Civil Rights Responsibilities = 6
• A. Program Responsibilities = 6
• B. Civil Rights Responsibilities = 10
• Ⅱ. Organization, Staffing, and Budget = 12
• A. Organization = 13
• B. Staffing = 16
• C. Budget = 17
• D. Training and Evaluation = 19
• Ⅲ. Equal Opportunity Requirements for HUD Program Participants = 20
• A. Affirmative Fair Housing Marketing Regulations = 20
• B. Equal Opportunity Housing Plans = 23
• C. Broker Certification = 25
• Ⅳ. Administration of Title Ⅷ = 26
• A. Regulations = 26
• B. Complaint Processing = 27
• C. Referrals to State and Local Governments = 32
• D. Compliance Reviews = 33
• E. Communitywide Pattern and Practice Reviews = 34
• F. Administrative Meetings = 35
• G. Other Title Ⅷ Efforts = 36
• Ⅴ. Enforcement of Title Ⅵ and Section 109 = 37
• A. Complaint Processing = 37
• B. Compliance Reviews = 38
• C. Corrective Action = 38
• Ⅵ. Community Development Block Grant Program = 40
• A. HUD's Affirmative Mandate = 40
• B. Fair Housing Implications = 41
• C. HUD Guidelines on CDBG Program = 42
• D. The Application Process = 43
• E. HUD Review of Applications = 46
• F. Grantee Performance Reports = 48
• G. Sanctions = 49
• Ⅶ. Voluntary Compliance = 55
• Chapter 2. Department of Justice
• Civil Rights Division, Housing and Credit Section Summary = 57
• Ⅰ. Equal Housing Responsibilities of the Department of Justice = 58
• A. Title Ⅷ of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 = 58
• B. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act = 58
• C. Additional Fair Housing Authorities = 59
• Ⅱ. Staffing and Organization = 60
• A. Staffing and Budget = 60
• B. Organization = 62
• Ⅲ. Work of the Housing and Credit Section = 62
• A. Objectives = 62
• B. Targeting and Case Selection = 63
• C. Results = 70
• D. Monitoring = 73
• Ⅳ. Internal Coordination = 73
• A. The Civil Division = 73
• B. The Appellate Section = 74
• C. Federal Programs Section = 75
• D. Office of Indian Rights = 75
• Chapter 3. The Federal Financial Regulatory Agencies : Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Federal Home Loan Bank Board
• Summary = 76
• Ⅰ. General Responsibilities = 77
• Ⅱ. Fair Housing Responsibilities = 79
• A. Statutes = 79
• B. Regulations = 82
• Ⅲ. Compliance and Enforcement Mechanisms = 88
• A. Data Collection and Use = 88
• B. The Pair Housing Examination Process = 92
• C. Complaint Procedures = 99
• D. Remedial Activity = 103
• Ⅳ. Organization and Staffing = 104
• A. PRB = 104
• B. FDIC = 105
• C. COC = 105
• D. FHLBB = 106
• Chapter 4. Veterans Administration
• Loan Guaranty Service
• Summary = 107
• Ⅰ. Program and Civil Rights Responsibilities = 108
• A. Program Responsibilities = 108
• B. Civil Rights Responsibilities = 109
• Ⅱ. Organization and Staffing = 110
• Ⅲ. Certifications = 111
• A. Veterans and Purchasers of Acquired Property = 111
• B. Appraisers = 111
• C. Brokers = 111
• D. Builders and Developers - Affirmative Marketing = 114
• E. Other Participants in VA Programs = 117
• P. Monitoring = 118
• Ⅳ. Compliance Mechanisms = 119
• A. Data Collection = 119
• B. Complaints = 122
• C. Sanctions = 124
• Ⅴ. VA Services = 126
• A. Applications Forms and Rejection Notices = 126
• B. Advertising in Minority Media = 127
• C. VA Use of Minority Brokers, Appraisers and Inspectors = 127
• D. Counseling = 128
• Chapter 5. Department of Agriculture
• Farmers Home Administration
• Summary = 131
• Ⅰ. Program and Civil Rights Responsibilities = 132
• A. Program Responsibilities = 132
• B. Civil Rights Responsibilities = 133
• Ⅱ. Organizing and Staffing = 133
• A. Program Assignments = 133
• B. Civil Rights Assignments - FmHA = 134
• C. Office of Equal Opportunity - Department of Agriculture = 135
• D. Training of FmHA Staff and Outreach = 135
• Ⅲ. Certifications = 136
• Ⅳ. Fair Housing Enforcement Mechanisms = 138
• A. Data Collection and Use = 138
• B. Compliance Reviews = 143
• C. Complaint Investigations = 147
• V. Internal Reviews = 148
• Chapter 6. Department of Defense
• Summary = 151
• Ⅰ. Housing Services = 152
• Ⅱ. Fair Housing Responsibilities = 153
• A. Statutory Responsibilities = 153
• B. The DOD Pair Housing Program = 154
• C. Service Regulations = 154
• Ⅲ. Organization, Staffing, and Budget = 155
• A. Organization = 155
• B. Staffing = 156
• C. Training = 159
• D. Budget = 159
• Ⅳ. Compliance Mechanisms = 160
• A. Assurances = 160
• B. Investigations = 162
• C. Informal Hearings = 165
• D. Restrictive Sanctions = 165
• E. Followup and Monitoring = 166
• Ⅴ. Program Evaluation = 167
• A. Reporting Systems = 167
• B. Internal Monitoring = 169
• Ⅵ. Internal Coordination = 170
• Chapter 7. General Services Administration
• Summary = 171
• Ⅰ. Background = 172
• Ⅱ. Program and Civil Rights Responsibilities = 173
• A. Executive Order 12,072 = 174
• B. The HUD-GSA Memorandum of Understanding = 175
• C. Implementing Procedures = 176
• Ⅲ. Execution of the Agreement and Implementing Procedures = 177
• A. GSA Evaluation and Recordkeeping = 177
• B. Information Sent from GSA to HUD = 178
• C. GSA Requests for Information = 178
• D. HUD Reports to GSA = 179
• Ⅳ. Affirmative Action Plans = 181
• Ⅴ. Organization, Staffing, and Budget = 183
• Ⅵ. GSA's Fair Housing Role = 184
• Chapter 8. Other Agencies
• Summary = 191
• Ⅰ. Introduction = 192
• Ⅱ. Community Development = 193
• A. Statutory Responsibilities = 193
• B. Community Development Agencies = 194
• C. Recognition of Fair Housing Responsibilities = 195
• D. Potential Government-Wide Compliance Mechanisms = 197
• Ⅲ. Relocation Assistance = 199
• A. Relocation Agencies = 199
• B. An Example - The Federal Highway Administration = 201
• Ⅳ. Equal Employment Opportunity and Housing = 202
• A. Private Employment = 202
• B. Federal Employment = 204
• Ⅴ. Surplus Property = 205
• A. Department of Housing and Urban Development = 206
• B. Other Agencies = 206
• Ⅵ. Mortgage Lending = 207
• A. Government Oversight of Mortgage Lenders = 207
• B. Government as Creditor = 212
• C. Deposit of Federal Funds = 212
• Ⅶ. Resource Allocation = 214
• A. Staffing = 214
• B. Budget = 215
• Chapter 9. Interagency Coordination
• Summary = 216
• Ⅰ. Introduction = 217
• Ⅱ. Federal Fair Housing Requirements for the Real Estate Industry = 217
• Ⅲ. Information Sharing = 223
• A. Agreement Between HUD and DOJ = 223
• B. Agreement Among DOJ, HUD, and the Federal Financial Regulatory Agencies = 224
• C. Government-Wide Sharing of Information = 226
• Ⅳ. Federal Equal Housing Opportunity Council = 226
• Findings and Conclusions = 230
• Recommendations = 233
• Exhibits
• 1.1 Distribution of Staff Years, Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity, Fiscal Year 1977 = 16
• 1.2 HUD Budget for Administration of Title Ⅷ = 18
• 1.3 Equal Housing Opportunities Poster = 28
• 1.4 HUD Title VIII Complaint Handling = 29
• 1.5 HUD Complaint Conciliations = 31
• 1.6 Title VI Complaint Processing by Fiscal Year = 37
• 1.7 Title VI Compliance Reviews Resulting in Findings of Noncompliance = 39
• 1.8 Comparison of the Number of Applications Receiving Conditional Approval Before and After the April 1977 Memorandum = 47
• 3.1 Fair Housing Deficiencies and Remedies in COC Examination Reports = 96
• 3.2 Fair Housing Deficiencies and Remedies in FHLBB Examination Reports = 97
• 4.1 Organization of Loan Guaranty Service, Department of Veterans Benefits, Veterans Administration = 112
• 4.2 Veterans Administration Loan Guaranty Service Regional Divisions = 113
• 4.3 Comparison of Black, Hispanic, and Nonminority Participation in VA's Direct Loan Programs, Calendar Year 1976 = 121
• 4.4 Comparison of Black, Hispanic, and Nonminority Participation in VA's Guaranteed Loan Programs, Calendar Year 1976 = 121
• 4.5 Minority Participation as Brokers, Appraisers, and Inspectors, Fiscal Year 1977 = 129
• 5.1 Number and Percentage Distribution of FmHA Rural Housing Loans, by Race and Ethnic Group = 141
• 5.2 Percentage of Applications for Rural Housing Loans Which Were Rejected, by Race and Ethnic Group = 141
• 5.3 Number of Applications for Rural Housing Loans, by Race and Ethnic Group = 142
• 5.4 Fair Housing Complaints Received by FmHA = 148
• 6.1 Number of Staff and Percentage of Staff time Allocated to Fair Housing = 157
• 6.2 Military Budgets for Off-Base Housing and Fair Housing, Fiscal Years 1977 and 1978 = 161
• 6.3 Per Person Expenditures for Fair Housing, Departments of the Air Force Army, and Navy, Fiscal Year 1977 = 162
• 6.4 Fair Housing Activities of the Military Services, July 1, 1976-June 30, 1977 = 168
• 6.5 Removalof Restrictive Sanctions = 168
• 9.1 Affirmative Marketing Instructions - Prohibitions and Requirements = 218
• 9.2 Affirmative Marketing Instructions - Coverage = 219
• 9.3 Affirmative Marketing Instructions - Hiring and Training of Staff = 220
• 9.4 Affirmative Marketing Instructions - Submission and Approval of Plans = 220
• 9.5 Affirmative Marketing Instructions - Sanctions for Noncompliance = 222