Our forests, our future : report of the World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Foreword = xi
• The World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development = xv
• Acknowledgements = xix
• Acronymns = xx
• 1 Forests in crisis = 1
• 1.1 The nature of the crisis = 2
• 1.2 Forests and the integrity of the human habitat = 2
• 1.3 Trends in forest area = 3
• 1.4 The earth is the sum of its parts = 7
• 1.5 Temperate boreal forests = 8
• Europe and Asia = 8
• North America = 11
• 1.6 Tropical and sub-tropical forests = 12
• Asia and Oceania = 12
• Africa = 15
• Latin America and the Caribbean = 16
• 1.7 Importance of forests = 18
• Biodiversity = 18
• Landscapes and water = 18
• Climate = 19
• Commercial products = 19
• Rural livelihoods = 19
• Energy security = 20
• Women and children = 20
• Cultural and recreational value = 20
• 1.8 Forests and sustainable development = 20
• 1.9 Politics and policies for a new era = 23
• 2 Roots of the crisis = 29
• 2.1 Roots are broad and deep = 30
• 2.2 Economic forces which lead to forest decline = 31
• Missing markets = 31
• Divergence between private values and public values = 33
• Limitations of government policies = 34
• Timber concession policies and subsidies = 35
• Other subsidies affecting forests = 39
• Agriculture = 39
• Transport = 39
• Energy and mining = 40
• 'Reform the best, remove the rest' = 40
• Land ownership and tenure = 43
• 2.3 Governance failure = 44
• Land hunger and lack of tenure = 44
• Failure to share benefits = 45
• Gender inequity = 45
• Displacement of communities = 47
• 2.4 Ethical failure = 48
• Corrupt practices = 48
• Inequity = 49
• Cultural discrimination = 51
• 3 Private and public interest = 53
• 3.1 A web of interests = 54
• 3.2 Forest-dependent communities = 58
• Rural communities = 58
• Forest dwellers = 59
• Shifting cultivators = 61
• 3.3 Private woodland owners = 65
• 3.4 Corporations, traders and forest industry workers = 65
• 3.5 Consumers = 69
• 3.6 Civil Society = 69
• 3.7 The general public = 71
• 3.8 The public interest = 71
• The role of government = 71
• The role of civil society = 74
• 3.9 FORESTRUST INTERNATIONAL = 76
• FORESTWATCH = 77
• FOREST OMBUDSMAN = 77
• FOREST MANAGEMENT COUNCIL = 78
• FOREST AWARD = 78
• 4 Managing forests sustainably = 79
• 4.1 Beyond forestry = 80
• 4.2 Objectives of sustainable forest management = 81
• 4.3 Principles for sustainable forest management = 82
• Landscape management = 82
• Ecosystem-based management = 82
• Participatory decision-making = 84
• Localised management = 84
• Maximise agro-forestry potential = 86
• 4.4 Verifying sustainable forest management = 89
• Criteria and Indicators = 89
• Certification of SFM = 91
• 4.5 Controversial forestry practices = 92
• Clearcutting = 92
• Plantation forestry = 93
• Fire as a management tool = 96
• Protected areas = 99
• 4.6 Private sector investment and management = 101
• 4.7 Towards improved information, research and understanding = 104
• 5 Sustaining forests and development = 107
• 5.1 Concept, context and challenge = 108
• 5.2 Forests in a full world = 109
• Cropland and food = 109
• A New Green Revolution = 112
• Plant biodiversity = 114
• Land husbandry = 114
• Industrial timber and fibre = 115
• Technology = 116
• Potential of plantations = 116
• Energy = 116
• Renewables = 117
• Water = 118
• Exogenous threats to forests = 119
• Climate disruption = 119
• Biotic impoverishment = 120
• Landscape attrition = 121
• 5.3 Consequences of business as usual = 122
• 5.4 Planning to sustain forests and development = 123
• Landscape planning = 123
• Participatory land-use planning = 123
• Reinforcing measures = 124
• Education = 124
• Information = 126
• 5.5 Forest Capital = 127
• 5.6 Forests, the citizen, and security = 128
• 6 International dimensions of forests and sustainable development = 131
• 6.1 Continuing the search for solutions = 132
• International priorities = 132
• A plea for urgency = 133
• 6.2 Multinational investment in forests = 133
• 6.3 International trade in forest products = 136
• Market sharing = 136
• WTO and sustainability = 137
• Certification of forest products = 138
• 6.4 Global services from forests = 139
• A Forest Capital Index(FCI) = 140
• 6.5 A convention on forests? = 142
• 6.6 Political leadership = 145
• A Forest Security Council = 146
• 7 A future for our forests = 151
• 7.1 Overview = 152
• 7.2 Resolutions = 154
• 7.3 The fate of the forests is in our hands = 164
• Annex
• 1 Glossary = 168
• 2 References = 176
• 3 Credits = 182
• 4 Contributors = 183
• 5 Member States of existing multilateral frameworks = 199
• Index = 202