분사반발력 감소를 위한 소방노즐의 내부형상 설계

국문 초록 (Abstract)

소방노즐은 소방호스 및 수관에 연결하여 화재를 진압하는 소화용 기재로써 화재진압 시 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 많은 노즐 작업자들이 기존의 노즐을 통한 화재 진압 시 분사반발력으로 인하여 큰 애로사항을 겪고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 분사반발력을 줄이기 위한 노즐내부형상을 설계하고자 하였다. 소방노즐의 가장 효율적인 내부형상을 찾기 위해 유한요소해석을 진행하였고, 그에 따라 최종형상을 결정·제작하였다. 일반 소방노즐과 분사반발력감소를 위한 소방노즐 간의 분사반발력 크기의 정량적 비교를 위하여 실험 장치를 고안하여 실험하였다. 그 결과 새롭게 설계한 소방노즐에서 40A 소방노즐 대비 평균 19%, 65A 소방노즐 대비 평균 36%의 분사반발력이 감소되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A fire nozzle is a device that is connected to the end of a fire hose to extinguish fires. However, users of conventional nozzles experience significant difficulties due to the repulsive force when spraying water to extinguish a fire. In this study, a new internal nozzle shape was designed to reduce such repulsive forces. Finite element analysis was conducted to determine the most efficient internal fire nozzle shape; based on the analysis, the final shape was established for manufacturing. An experimental device was manufactured to quantitatively compare and measure the reduction in repulsive forces between the conventional and newly designed fire nozzles. The experimental results confirmed that the newly designed nozzle reduces the spray repulsive forces by an average of 19% and 36% compared with the standard 40A and 65A nozzles, respectively.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 초록
• Abstract
• 1. 서론
• 2. 소방노즐
• 3. 실험
• 4. 유한요소해석
• 5. 결론
• 참고문헌(References)

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Iannantuoni, L., "Validation and Assessment of a Water Mist Multi-Hole Nozzle Model for Fire Simulations" 50 (50): 505-524, 2014

2 Harlow, F. H., "Transport of Turbulence Energy Decay Rate" Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory 1968

3 정인수, "Parametric Study on Water Mist Nozzles for Fire Suppression System Based on CFD Methods" 한국분무공학회 15 (15): 124-130, 2010

4 Bae, K.-Y., "Numerical Analysis on Interaction between Fire Flame and Water Mist according to the Variation of Nozzle Performance" 2522-2527, 2007

5 Knapp, J., "Nozzle Reaction Simulator Can Improve Fire Attack Skills" 160 : 101-104, 2007

6 Brush, B., "Nozzle Reaction" PennWell Corporation 2018

7 National Fire Service Academy, "Fire Response Ability Level 2 Practical Evaluation Table, Fire Response Ability Evaluation (Training)Manual"

8 Grimwood, P., "Euro Firefighter: Global Firefighting Strategy and Tactics, Command and Control and Firefighter Safety" Jeremy Mills Publishing 207-208, 2008

9 Huang, X., "Characterization of an Effervescent Atomization Water Mist Nozzle and Its Fire Suppression Tests" 33 (33): 2573-2579, 2011

10 Lee, S.-Y., "Atomization of Liquid" MinEumsa Corp. 33-34, 1996

11 Jeong, K.-S., "A Study on Application Formulas of the Reaction Force" 91-95, 2011

12 Chin, S. K, "3 Facts Every Firefighter Should Know about Nozzle Reaction: The Force Exerted by a Fire Hose Nozzle Can Limit a Firefighter’s Rate of Water Application, Increase Air Consumption Rate and is Responsible for Thousands of Injuries Annually, FireRescue1"