Stress, called the source of all kinds of diseases, not only affects an individual's normal life, but also the social costs of mental illness, suicide, and lonely death are burdensome to the national economy every year. In particular, single- person h...
Stress, called the source of all kinds of diseases, not only affects an individual's normal life, but also the social costs of mental illness, suicide, and lonely death are burdensome to the national economy every year. In particular, single- person households, which account for the largest proportion of all households today, are pointed out as a mental health risk group especially in young and elderly single-person households due to housing, poverty, and social isolation. Amid the growing importance of mental health around the world, the WHO also stressed the need for public intervention and establishment of a healthy city, and the Korean government has also introduced a series of single-person household support policies for these mentally vulnerable. However, the existing single-person household support project lacks preventive and response measures to mental health management and lacks differentiated support in consideration of age-specific heterogeneity linked to environmental approaches.
Therefore, this study aims to provide policy implications for the current single-person household support policy and the creation of a healthy city, focusing on young and elderly households in single-person households in consideration of age heterogeneity at the regional level. To this end, this study used the '2019 Community Health Survey' to derive differences in stress levels and influencing factors. The research questions in this study are as follows. First, is there a difference in the environmental factors affecting stress between young single-person households and young multi-person households? Second, is there a difference in the environmental factors that affect stress between single-person elderly households and multi-person elderly households? Third, is there a difference between young single-person households and elderly single-person households in the environmental factors that affect stress?
The analysis results of this study using binomial logistic regression are as follows. There were differences in stress levels and factors affecting stress between young single-person households and young multi-person households, elderly single-person households, and elderly multi-person households. Young single-person households with the highest levels of stress were affected only by local physical environmental factors. On the other hand, stress in young multi-person households has been affected in common by physical and social environments. For elderly single-person households and elderly multi-person households, both physical and social environmental factors affected stress, but for elderly single-person households, the social environment was found to be more important. In addition, within the single-person household group, environmental factors were found to have an important effect on the stress of young single-person households, and social environmental factors were found to have an important effect on the stress of elderly single-person households.
Through these analysis results, the theoretical and policy implications presented by this study are as follows. First, this study complemented the limitations of previous studies that did not consider environmental factors in that it empirically analyzed stress influencing factors of single-person households in terms of urban planning, including social and physical environmental factors. Second, more specific and in-depth studies were conducted not only in comparison between single-person households and multi-person households, but also in comparison of stress-affected factors for young and elderly households in the single-person households. In addition, this study is of policy significance in that it provides basic data for systematic and customized policy establishment to improve the mental health of single-person households in relation to the creation of a healthy city.