대통령과 언론의 영향력 관계 분석: 미국의 사례를 중심으로 = Analyzing the Relationship between the President and News Media: Focusing on the United States Case

국문 초록 (Abstract)

대통령과 언론의 관계는 현대 정치를 이해하는데 필수불가결한 요소 중 하나라고 할 수 있다. 이 논문은 대통령이 뉴스 매체의 보도 방향에 영향을 미칠 수 있다고 주장한다. 하지만 본 연구는 그 영향력이 제한적일 수 있음에도 주목하고 있다. 특히, 대통령이 언론의 보도 방향에 대응할 동기가 존재하는 까닭에 대통령의 언론에 대한 영향력은 상호적일 수도 있다. 대통령과 언론의 영향력 관계가 상호적일 수 있음을 고려하여 이 연구는 두 행위자들 간의 영향력의 크기와 형태를 통계적 방법을 이용하여 측정하였다. 1958년부터 2004년까지 미국 대통령의 정책에 관한 수사와 언론의 뉴스 기사를 분석한 이 논문의 결과는 대통령과 뉴스 매체가 서로에게 영향을 미치고 있음을 보여주었다. 하지만 그 영향력의 크기와 형태는 서로 상이하다. 특히, 대통령의 언론에 대한 영향력이 즉각적인데 반해 언론의 대통령에 대한 영향력은 시차를 두고 나타남을 이 연구의 결과를 통해 알 수 있다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The relationship between the president and the news media is critical if we are to understand politics today. This study argues that the president can influence the news media. However, it does not necessarily mean that presidential influence on the news media is unidirectional. This study stresses the fact that presidents have strong incentives to respond to news stories. In other words, the relationship between the president and the news media can be reciprocal. Considering the reciprocity between the two actors, this study estimates the influences between the president and the news media. According to the statistical results of this study analyzing presidential rhetoric and news stories from 1958 through 2004, the president and the news media influence each other. However, the influence of the president on the news media is instantaneous while the effects of the news media on the president are lagged.

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