한국어 특수조사 '_만'에 연계된 초점의 음향음성학적 특성 = The Acoustic Characteristics of Focus Associated with the Korean Particle '-man'

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the phonetic characteristics of 'focus' phrases accociated with the particle '-man' in Korean. The particle '-man' is a bound morpheme which, like other postpositions such as the subject marker'-ka' and the object marker '1??1', the so-called 'case markers' in Korean, typically attaches to a nuun (phrase). The semantics of '-man' roughly corresponds to that of only, its counterpart in English, and is thus classified as a 'delimiter' (Yang 1973). It is assumed in this paper that '-man-, like only in English, shoud have a 'focus' associated with it (von Stechow 1991, Rooth 1992). In general, '-man' attached pharases get the focus, but sometimes the association is not clean-cut, especially in the cases of emphatic use of '-man' or when the context strongly favors other phrase as the focus (Choe 1996). In this paper, we compare the phonetic characteristics of the '-man' marked phrases with those to which '-ka'/'-1??1' is attached, and conclude that the focused '-man' phrases show higher fundamental frequencies than their equally focused 'case'-~marked counterparts. However, when the context clearly forces the focus to fall on phrases other than the '-man' or '-ka'/'-1??1' attached ones, there is no meanlingful difference in fundamental frequency between the '-man' and '-ka'/'-1??1' attached phrases. We also compare the phonetic characteristics of the regular use of '-man' with those of the emphatic '-man'. According to our experiments, the emphatic '-man' does not bring forth its phonetic effects, namely, higher fundamental frequencies, on the '-man' attached words or phrases but rather in various other ways such as higher fundamental frequencies in '-man', lengthening of the following word-initial syllable, or the inclusion of the following word in the same accentual phrase. Finally, it is claimed that '-man' associated focus phenomena, especially the emphatic use of '-man', show some typical acoustic characteristics of the other well-known focus phenomena, namely, wh-interrogatives.
Key words:korean particle '-man', foucs, Fo, accentual phrase