자연과 학습의 효율화를 위한 실행연구 : 환경오염과 자연보존 단원을 중심으로 = A STUDY ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ELEMENTARY SCIENCE TEXTBOOK BASED ON AN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION UNIT

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this thesis is to reconstruct a unit in the elementary science textbook, and to develop a learning program in order to help students to learn more effectively basic knowledge of the unit as well as scientific research methods. The learning models used in this study include Holistic learning model. Hypothesis verification learning model, Generative learning model, learning Cycle model and Jigsaw learning model, which were appropriately applied to each study theme. In the process of developing and applying the learning program, qualitative research methods were used. Data, such as descriptive observation narratives, interviews participation observation log(teaching log and learning log) and open-ended questionnaire were collected and analyzed. Based on the problems found by the analyses, the learining program was modified and completed to be used for other teachers' reference.
The process of this study is as follows.
1. Precedent literatures, teaching materials and textbooks were analyzed to select a unit to be reconstructed and learning models to be applied.
2. Based on the lessons from the analysis of the applicability of the preliminary program, "Volcano Festival," which had been applied to the class of the researcher, the final learning program of the "Envirionmental Pollution" unit was developed.
3. The Environmental Pollution Program was applied to three classes of the 6th grade of an elementary school. In the process of application, the program was evaluated based on the analysis of the above mentioned qualitative data.
4. As a result, the program was revised and detailed guidelines for teachers were developed for further general use in school.
The major problem of the initial program was that students of the researcher's class reacted differently from those of other cooperating classes. Only 34.1%∼57.5% of the students in two cooperating teachers' classes compared to 74.3% of the students in the researcher's class answered that the program was intersting. This difference called for the careful examination of the adaptability of the program. In other words, the program did not consider the different characteristics of each class, such as teachers' experience and ordinary teaching styles.
As the matter of students' understanding of the content of the learning materials, none of them were unable to understand the materials since they had already studied about pollution in prior grades. Disregarding the fact that the students slready had a lot of experience and konwledge of the cause and effect of the pollution, there was a lot of redundancy in the content of the program. The third problem was that there were not sufficient activities to help students to practice learning skills necessary to participate in the program actively.
In consideration of these respects, the program was rectified and complemented as follows.
First, it was modified to include ´more interesting activities to enhance students' creativity´ while eliminationg redundent ´concept learning activities´. Second, it included much more activities for the practice of learning skills. Third, the teachers' guides to help teachers to adjuct the difference of various characteristics of classes was included.
Besides, it is important to note that in order to make a better program and to reduce many trials and errers, teachers have to be broadly knowledgable of both students' interests and personalities as well as the current education system. For, this, teachers' reappointment of the same grade or classification of their majors as "lower class major," "higher class major" or "a subject (in case of English, Music, Arts and Physical education) major" can be practiced as good alternatives. Moreover, those who publish school textbooks should try to avoid the redundancy of materials in the textbook and be able to provide the better guidebook, which can provide teachers with various learning methods and materials in detail. It is hoped that this study can be used for a reference to improve and stimulate further active researches in the graduate school of education so as to assist teachers in their teaching.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I.서론
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적
• 2. 연구 문제
• 3. 연구의 제한점
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• Ⅲ. 본 연구프로그램의 계발
• 1. 프로그램 적용 학급의 특성
• 2. 프로그램의 내용
• 1) 단원 목표 및 지도 계획
• 2) 본 단원 프로그램 적용결과 분석
• 3. 본 프로그램 적용결과 얻은 시사점에 대한 종합논의
• Ⅳ.결론
• 1. 요약
• 2. 재구성된 프로그램
• 1) 재구성된 프로그램과 원해의 프로그램의 차이점
• 3. 제언
• 1) 행정가를 위한 제언
• 2) 교과서를 개발하는 전문가를 위한 제언
• 3) 교사를 위한 제언