뇌파의 주파수축 분석법 = Spectral analysis of brain oscillatory activity

국문 초록 (Abstract)

인간의 정신 작용을 신경 생리학적으로 연구할 때에, 심리적 현상에 수반되는 뇌파 신호에 종종 관심을 갖게 된다. 예를 들어, EEG 신호가 어떤 심리적 사건과 관련하여 시간에 따라 어떻게 변화하는 지에 관심이 있다면, 두피에 부착된 각각의 전극에서 모아지는 뇌파 신호의 파형이 실험 조건에 따라서 시간적으로 어떻게 변화하는 지를 살펴보면 된다. 이처럼 제시된 사건에 수반되어 반복된 실험적 시행의 평균을 통해 얻어진 뇌파 전위를 ‘사건 관련전위(ERP)’라고 한다. 뇌파는 이와 같이 전통적으로 시간 영역에서 분석할 수 있는데, 여기에 덧붙여 주파수 영역에서도 분석할 수 있다. 신호 분석법의 발달로 주파수축 분석 방법이 뇌파 분석에도 응용되고, 그 결과 뇌파 신호의 주파수 성분과 인지적 해석이 종종 의미 있는 상관성을 보인다. 이런 상황에서, 뇌파의 시간축 분석에 비하여, 주파수축 분석이 아직까지는 충분히 일반화되지 않았고, 관련 인지 과학 분야 연구자들에게 기본적인 개념을 소개하고 이해를 도울 필요가 있다고 생각되어 본 해설 논문을 준비했다. 이에, 본 해설 논문을 통해, 뇌파 신호의 주파수축 분석에 대한 기본적인 개념(예, 위상-고정)과 그 대표적인 분석 방법(예, 웨이블릿 변환)을 이해하고, 뇌파의 주파수 대역별 인지적 속성에 대해서도 전반적으로 살펴보고자 한다. 나아가, 뇌에서 서로 다른 위치에 있는 전극들 간의 뇌파 신호들의 위상의 상호 관계 연구를 통해, 뇌의 기능적 연결성 연구를 이해하고자 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Psychophysiologists are often interested in the EEG signals that accompany certain psychological events. When one is interested in a time series of event-related changes in EEG, one focuses on examining how the waveforms recorded at individual electrode sites vary over time across one or more experimental conditions. This is an analysis of event-related potentials (ERPs). In addition to such a classical EEG analysis in the time domain, the EEG measures can be investigated in the frequency domain. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that spectral analyses can often yield significant insight into the functional cognitive correlations of the signals. Therefore, this review paper tries to summarize essential concepts (e.g. phase-locking) and conventional methods (e.g. wavelet transformation) for understanding spectral analyses of brain oscillatory activity. Phase-coherence is also introduced in relation to functional connectivity of the brain.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 뇌전위 기록술(Electroencephalography)
• 뇌파의 분석법
• 맺음말
• 참고문헌
• (Abstract)

참고문헌 (Reference)

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