가족배경과 고등학교 계열 선택

국문 초록 (Abstract)

교육기회의 불평등에 대한 선행연구는 주목할 만한 사실을 발견하였으나 몇 가지 한계를 노정하였다. 이 방면의 연구는 학력단계의 질적 분화를 소홀히 하였고, 가족배경이 학력성취에 미치는 영향이 어떤 메커니즘을 거쳐 변하는지를 밝히지 못하였다. 이 글은 첫째, 중등교육의 질적 분화를 감안하여 가족배경이 고등학교 계열 선택에 미치는 영향이 시계열적으로 어떤 경향성을 띠는지를 살펴보았다. 둘째, 성적과 이행성향 분포의 변화를 추적함으로써 가족배경 효과가 무엇 때문에 변화하였는지를 짐작하였다. 한국노동연구원의 노동패널(KLIPS) 자료와 경제협력개발기구의 국제학업성취도(PISA) 자료를 분석한 이 글은 다음 사실을 발견하였다. 첫째, 부모의 학력이 고등학교 계열 선택에 미치는 영향은 시간이 지나면서 점차 증가하였다. 다시 말해 중등학력 단계에서 교육 불평등은 심화되었다. 둘째, 교육 불평등이 심화된 까닭은 인문계 고등학교를 선호하는 성향이 계급별로 불균등하게 증가한 탓이었다. 고등교육체계와 인문계 고등학교가 팽창하면서 인문계 고등학교를 선호하는 성향이 증가하였는데, 이 과정에서 고학력 부모의 성향은 저학력 부모보다 더 많이 더 빨리 증가하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Prior research on the inequality of educational opportunity(IEO) has several limitations; first, they have scarcely considered the qualitative differentiation of educational system. Second, they have not concretely showed through what process IEO has changed. This paper tried to overcome these limitations; First, taking the qualitative differentiation of secondary education into consideration, this paper tried to show the trends of IEO when the students of lower secondary education chose the high school sector in Korea. Second, closely examining the shifts of the distributions of academic achievement and transition propensity, it tried to show the concrete process through which IEO has changed during the last decades. Analyzing the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS) data and OECD’s PISA data, this paper found the followings: first, the effect of parental education on choice of high school sector has increased across cohorts. Second, this increase of IEO came from the fact that the children of highly educated parents more quickly preferred academic high school to vocational high school than their counterparts, when higher education and academic high school expand.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 이론과 가설
• Ⅲ. 중등교육의 팽창과 분화
• Ⅳ. 자료와 방법, 변수
• Ⅴ. 발견
• Ⅵ. 논의 및 결론
• 참고문헌
• English Abstracts

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