4~5세기 한국 고대사와 고고학의 몇 가지 문제 = Problems of 4-5th Century Archaeology and History in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper discusses several challenges facing archaeologists an historians studying ancient Korea during the fourth and fifth centuries in terms of changes in burials, distribution of pottery assemblages and the Youngsan River basin archaeological record.
Diffusionist models and perspectives have been dominant understanding the appearance and spread of the stone chamber with entrance passage in southern Korea. While the burial sty clearly originated from ancient China, recently accumulate archaeological data show complex processes of its acceptance southern Korea and Japan that could not be explained by the sim comparative approach based on morphological similarities, The sto chamber tomb style did not appear first in the political center and then spread to other areas, but instead emerged in the peripherie This aspect likely indicates the changing relationship between th political center and peripheries: the local elite adopted the stone chamber tomb style in the course of being integrated by the politic power.
Second, while attempts have been made to infer territories political entities based on the distribution of pottery assemblages, few discussions have been made with regard w theoretkal basis such inferences. Nevertheless, it is clear that geographical differences in pottery distribution are indicators of sphere of political influences and territories, given the strong regularities of archaeological data and sociopolitical circumstances suggested by the available written record of the Three Kingdoms period in Korea.
Third, problems are associated with studies of the Youngsan Ri basin archaeological record to which many Korean scholars international researchers as well are paying close attention. The archaeological record composed of unique pottery style and bur types strongly suggests the persistence of autonomous polities in th region till the middle-late fifth century AD. Nevertheless, the prestige goods recovered from the highest ranked tombs indicate stratified alliance relations between Paekche and the Youngsan bas polity. From the late fifth century, however, the Naju polity in southwestern Korea became weak, as the Paekche capital was mo south in 475 and Paekche stretched the direct territorial control to the region. The decline of the Naju polity and associated power vo in the region provided the opportunity for local polities to rise and pursue political autonomies.
Trade networks between the Youngsan basin and Kyushu and Japanese polities became intensified based on the changing political circumstance in southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula, which well illustrated by the appearance of Japanese style archaeological features and objects such as keyhole-shaped tombs. By the early s century, however, the complex interregional network of Paekch Youngsan basin polity - Kyushu polity - Wa was restructured as Paekche - Yamato network, as Paekche established the direct con over the region and the Yamato administration integrated loc polities in southern Japan.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 고대사와 고고학의 관계
• Ⅱ. 횡혈식석실묘의 출현과 전개
• 1. 한반도 삼국시대의 양상
• 2. 중국 횡혈식묘제의 전개와 그 배경
• 3. 횡혈식묘제에 대한 새로운 시각
• Ⅲ. 토기 양식의 문제
• Ⅳ. 영산강 유역에 대한 이해
• Ⅴ. 맺음말