한국철학 : 이간의 미발론 -주희의 중화론과 연관하여- = Korean Philosophy : Yi-gan`s Discussion of Unaroused Mind

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

At heart in the controversies between the Hoseo faction and the Rackha faction were the issues of unexpressed mind and five constant virtues(the issue of whether human nature is identical with or different from that of things). This discussed the relations between humans and other beings(=things=.dnimals, etc.), while that dealt with human heart-mind nature. The elucidation of the problem of aroused and unaroused mind - the problem of equilibrium and harmony - in Chapter One of Zhong Yong(Docrrine of the Mean) had long been confucian scholars` topic. The settlement of this problem in Cheng-Zhu School meant the development of a theory of hem-mind nature. Heated debates took place between Yi-gan and Han-wonjin, especially, surrounding the definition of unaroused mind and the substance of heart-mind and nature at the point. The discussion of the unexpressed substance of human mind is about human nature, heart-mind, and feeling. This is related to the discussion of five constant virtues, which explains whether humans and things are identical or different in nature, but confines its discussion to human beings. Yi-gan consums that the great foundation of the unexpressed mind can be guaranteed by the substance of heart-mind(fundamenta1 nature of heart-mind), which state exists in everyone, no matter whether it be a sage or an ordinary person and is the stage of The Utimate Good transcending good and evil. In other words, unexpressed mind does not indicate the state before mind comes in contact with things, but fundamental scare of original nature, as an sphere where the whole Principle of Heaven exists, which Zhu Xi calls unaroused mind at the bottom or the great foundation. Yet, in many cases this state is hidden by the inclination that each being is differently endowed with depending on their temperament. For the reason the state of unaroused mind is considered to be the state which people should attain through culcivation. The space where the diversity among people is discovered is the state of aroused mind, which involves the use of heart-mind. So it was natural that Han-Wonjin`s view that good and evil could be discussed in the state of unexpressed mind was at issue in the two scholars` discussion of unexpressed mind.