英語의 省略에 관하여 = On Elipsis in English

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

There are two types of ellipsis in English: the one dependent on linguistic context and the other on non-linguistic context. The deleted elements in the former are easily recoverable from the grammatical structures, while those in the later are not.
The ellipsis dependent on the linguistic context can be classified into six parts: the ellipsis in 1)adverbial clause, 2)relative clause, 3)comparative clause, 4)supplementing clause, 5)appended clause, and 6)coordinate clause, The ellipsis dependent on non-linguistic context can be classified into three parts: the ellipsis in 1)dialogue, 2)formulaic expression, and 3)Block Language.
1. The deleted elements in an adverbial clause are easily recoverable, for they are the same lexical items as in the matrix sentence. When the lexical items in the VP of the adverbial clause are the same as those in the main clause, they are deleted under the deletion rule of DELETION UNDER IDENTITY, However, when the phonological form of the lexical items is a combined form of the two lexical categories, Aux(INFL) and V of the VP in the adverbial clause when the V is not the Empty Category of ‘BE’, the deletion rule does not apply to it.
In an infinitive clause, the deletion of the VP is the same as in the finite clause except the ‘to’ which remains after the deletion. The subject of the infinitive is usually PRO, and the Complementizer is ‘for’ which assigns ‘Objective Case’ to the subject of the infinitive with the verb of the matrix sentence.
The deletion of COMP usually depends on the subcategorization features of the matrix verb. The deletion involved in the Verbless Clause, sometimes called ‘Small Clause’, is actually the deletion of ‘INFL＋V’ when the V is an Empty Category of ‘BE’.
To give a full explanation to the deletion in the complicated structure of ‘too-to’ construction, it is necessary to introduce the Empty Category of ‘Operator’ to see the relation between the deleted element and its trace, which is also called ‘Parasitic gap’.
In a participial clause, the deletion of ‘INFL＋V’, when the V is an Empty category of ‘BE’, is the same as in the infinitive clause. The subordinator can be deleted according to the semantic features of the verb in the matrix sentence.
2. When there is already a Complementizer in COMP, the relative pronoun of ‘wh-phrase’, which is moved into COMP via Wh-Movement, should be deleted to avoid the violation of the MULTIPLY FILLED COMP FILTER; When there is no Complementizer, the deletion of ‘wh-phrase’, sometimes called ‘wh-relative’, is optional as long as it does not violate the EMPTY SUBJECT FILTER.
3. The deletion in the comparative clause is a ‘Wh-Deletion’, for the items compared in the comparative clause is a ‘wh-phrase’ which behaves like ‘that’, thus becoming a variable which can be moved into COMP via Wh-Movement.
4. The deletion in a supplementing clause or an appended clause involves the deletion of the same lexical items as in the preceding matrix sentences via DELETION UNDER INDENTITY.
5. The deletion in coordinate clauses also observes the DELETION UNDER IDENTITY and can be easily recoverable. It follows the general deletion principle that only the constituents or lexical items in the identical Phrase Category can be deleted.
6. Finally, the deletion in dialogue, formulaic expression, and Block Language can not be easily explained in terms of the syntactic description of the grammatical structure alone. In other words, the deleted elements are not easily recoverable through the analysis of the syntactic structure; instead, they can be recoverable only when the Speaker, the Hearer, and the Situation are all considered in connection with the elliped clause, thus requiring both the theory of psycholinguistics and that of socio-linguistics.
It is expected that the further study in this field will clarify some of the problems which this paper could not handle or overlooked or inadequately described in the near future.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序 論
• Ⅱ. 言語構造에 의한 省略
• A. 副詞節
• B. 關係節
• C. 比較節
• D. 補完節 및 附加節
• E. 等位節
• Ⅲ. 言語構造와 무관한 省略
• A. 對 話
• B. 慣用的 表現
• C. Block Language
• Ⅳ. 結 論
• Ⅴ. 參考文獻