Functional Mechanism of Calmodulin for Cellular Responses in Plants

국문 초록 (Abstract)

Ca2?은 다양한 자극과 빛, biotic, abiotic 스트레스, 호르몬 등의 반응에 대한 세포내 2차 신호전달물질로써 중요한 역할을 한다. Ca2?의 반응자들은 특정 물질과 경로를 활성화함으로써 신호전달 기능을 한다고 알려져 있는 Ca2?결합 단백질들이다. 이들 단백질 중, calmidulin (CaM)은 식물과 동물의 특정 단백질의 활성을 조절하는 것으로 잘 알려져 왔다. 특히, 식물은 다양한 CaM 유전자와 특징적인 protein kinase와 전사인자를 포함한 많은 종류의 CaM관련 단백질들을 가지고 있다. 이로 인해서 식물은 주변의 여러 가지 신호들을 인지할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 변화된 환경에 적응할 수 있는 것이다. 하지만, 대부분의 CaM이나 이들과 관련된 단백질들의 기능은 최근 활발히 연구되고 있지만 아직 많은 작용 기작이 연구의 대상이 되고 있다. 따라서 CaM의 기능을 좀 더 이해한다면 식물의 환경적 자극에 대한 반응과 식물의 성장과 발달에 있어서 CaM의 역할을 규명하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 본 논문은 Ca2?-CaM의 신호전달 시스템과, CaM과 관련된 단백질들, 그리고 식물의 biotic, abiotic 스트레스에 대한 외부 자극의 반응에 있어서 CaM의 작용에 대해 기술하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Calcium (Ca2?) plays pivotal roles as an intracellular second messenger in response to a variety of stimuli, including light, abiotic- and biotic stresses and hormones. Ca2? sensor is Ca2?-binding protein known to function in transducing signals by activating specific targets and pathways. Among Ca2?-binding proteins, calmodulin (CaM) has been well reported to regulate the activity of downstream target proteins in plants and animals. Especially plants possess multiple CaM genes and many CaM target proteins, including unique protein kinases and transcription factors. Thus, plants are possible to perceive different signals from their surroundings and adapt to the changing environment. However, the function of most of CaM or CaM-related proteins have been remained uncharacterized and unknown. Hence, a better understanding of the function of these proteins will help in deciphering their roles in plant growth, development and response to environmental stimuli. This review focuses on Ca2?-CaM messenger system, CaM-associated proteins and their role in responses to external stimuli of both abiotic and biotic stresses in plants.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Introduction
• CaM binding proteins
• CaM in plant responses to biotic and abiotic signals
• Future studies
• References
• 초록

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