벡터매개 질병(vector-borne diseases) 공간역학을 중심으로 한 보건지리학의 최근 연구 = Reviews in Medical Geography : Spatial Epidemiology of Vector-Borne Diseases

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기후변화가 가져올 벡터매개 질병(vector-borne diseases or VBDs)의 증가는 인구 집단의 건강에 대한 중요한 위협 요인이며, 앞으로 국제사회가 심각하게 대처해야 할 공중보건 문제로 부각되고 있다. 지구온난화로 대표되는 광범위한 기후변화로 한반도 기후 특성이 아열대화 되어가는 가운데, 토지이용, 인구분포, 생태환경 변화에 따른 영향으로 각종 질병의 발생과 확산 가능성이 유례없이 높아지고 있다. 특히, 모기, 진드기와 같은 매개체에 의해 전염되는 벡터매개 질병은 최근 20년 동안 이들 매개 곤충의 서식범위가 확대되어 질병 발생 빈도가 현격하게 증가했다. 보건지리학은 국지적인 환경과 보건 자료뿐 아니라 보다 광역적인 자료들을 통합하여 처리, 분석하고, 공간 및 비공간 자료간의 연관성 또는 상호관계를 파악하여 궁극적으로 질병의 시공간적 변화를 탐구하는 것에 초점을 두고 발전되어 왔다. 인문 및 자연환경 요인들을 GIS를 통해 다면적으로 분석하여, 개인의 건강관련 지표들과의 상관성을 기술하고 분석하는 공간역학(spatial epidemiology)은 보건지리학의 새로운 영역으로, 공간과학, 환경과학, 그리고 역학을 세 가지 주요 축으로 하여 급속히 성장하고 있다. 향후 보건지리학이 기여할 수 있는 주요 연구영역 중 하나로는, 보건 연구에서 주요 수단으로 사용되고 있는 보건 감시체계에 지리정보시스템을 기반으로 한 모니터링 시스템을 도입하는 것을 들 수 있다. 특히, 실시간 모니터링 방법론, 조기발생 감식 시스템의 구축, 그리고 관련 요인들의 공간변이를 예측하는 연구 등은 벡터매개 질병의 역학을 이해하는 데 필수적인 주요 연구 과제들이 될 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Climate changes may cause substantial changes in spatial patterns and distribution of vector-borne diseases (VBD’s), which will result in a significant threat to humans and emerge as an important public health problem that the international society needs to solve. As global warming becomes widespread and the Korean peninsula characterizes subtropical climate, the potentials of climate-driven disease outbreaks and spread rapidly increase with changes in land use, population distributions, and ecological environments. Vector-borne diseases are typically infected by insects such as mosquitoes and ticks, and infected hosts and vectors increased dramatically as the habitat ranges of the VBD agents have been expanded for the past 20 years. Medical geography integrates and processes a wide range of public health data and indicators at both local and regional levels, and ultimately helps researchers identify spatiotemporal mechanism of the diseases determining interactions and relationships between spatial and non-spatial data. Spatial epidemiology is a new and emerging area of medical geography integrating geospatial sciences, environmental sciences, and epidemiology to further uncover human health-environment relationships. An introduction of GIS-based disease monitoring system to the public health surveillance system is among the important future research agenda that medical geography can significantly contribute to. Particularly, real-time monitoring methods, early-warning systems, and spatial forecasting of VBD factors will be key research fields to understand the dynamics of VBD’s.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 요약
• Abstract
• 1. 서론
• 2. 벡터매개 질병 개관
• 3. 지역별 연구 성과 고찰
• 4. 요약 및 결론
• 사사
• 참고문헌

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