데이트폭력의 인식과 대처에 관한 연구 : 데이트폭력 비네트를 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Dating refers to a man and a woman having a steady relationship which is one of the important developmental tasks of adulthood, and gives a significant impact in selecting a future spouse and marriage life. However, along with a positive aspects of dating, a negative aspects such as conflict or violence also exists on the other side. Recently, such negative sides also expand along with the increase in the opportunities of dating, and one of them is dating violence. Dating violence includes the psychological, physical or sexual violence occurring between the people in an unmarried, dating relationship. In general, a sign of risk of violence in a dating relationship is considered as a part of the dating behavior and the severity is overlooked and it is a problem as the damage is considered as ‘love’. According to the recent investigations and press reports, dating violence is increasing and cases of dating violence leading to murder reach as far as 100 cases annually. Therefore, the initial perception of the severity can be said as the most important. However, existing domestic studies on dating violence is limited to perceiving the situations and identifying the related variants, and studies focusing on the severity of dating violence are very limited. Furthermore, domestic studies are not taking the specific situational variables into an account, as they are utilizing the tools measuring a broad concept on violence. On the other hand, in the overseas studies, there are more studies on evaluating the degree of perception by using the vignette which provides the stimuli very similar to actual situations and has the benefits of manipulating various behavioral factors, rather than surveys using abstractive concept. As such, although it is also important to investigate the degree of perception on the vignette situation. It is also necessary to investigate the coping style of dating violence, as the result may differ according to how it has been coped after having perceived. In other words, as life can get abundant or impoverished according to the coping style, it is also important for conflicts during dating depending on how to respond to them. In actual precedent studies of dating violence, the increase of use of violence is related to the coping style. Therefore, this study has randomly proposed one of the 3 types (physical, psychological and sexual violence) of vignettes targeting on 858 adult men and women of 20s and 30s, and has investigated the perception on dating violence and the coping styles.
The major study result is as follows;
Firstly, investigating on the perception of dating violence, the perception of the participation on the severity was very high with 4.25 points out of 5 points which was higher than 4 points. The average of the degree of acceptance was in the middle with 2.25 points among 4 points, and the degree of acceptance can be said as relatively high by considering high severity. That is, high degree of acceptance can be interpreted as low in perception. Such a result implies that although the partner’s violence is thought to be bad, but can be accepted in case of a reasonable reason for it. Specifically, women perceived dating violence more seriously than men, and showed lower degree of acceptance. The 20s had higher perception on the severity than the 30s, and those without any sexual experience had higher perception on the severity and lower degree of acceptance than those with some experience.
Secondly, by examining the coping style, it showed that men used more active coping and passive coping than women, and the 30s used more passive coping than the 20s.
Thirdly, by examining the offense and victimization experience, men had more experiences in sexual offense experience and psychological, physical and sexual victimization experiences. Office workers showed to have more psychological and sexual offense and victimization experiences than students. The 30s had more psychological, physical and sexual offense and victimization experiences than the 20s. Those with in a dating partner had more psychological, physical and sexual offense and victimization experiences than those without a partner. Cases with sexual experiences had more psychological, physical and sexual offense experiences and victimization experiences relative to those without any sexual experience.
Forthly, summing up the result based on the study hypothesis is as follows;
In the hypothesis 1, it showed that there was some difference in the degree of perception of dating violence according to the type of dating violence. For the severity, physical violence was perceived with higher severity than psychological and sexual violence, the acceptance degree was higher for psychological violence than physical or sexual violence. However, such results show some difference with the results of the precedent studies those argue that the perception level of dating violence is low. The existing studies questioned about the severity of dating violence in a broad sense without using the vignettes, as such a difference occurs due to difference measurement methods were used. However, in this study, it is assumed to be perceived relatively more severely, as it quested about the dating violence situations using a specific vignette.
The perception of dating violence in the hypothesis 2 showed to have a correlation with the coping style of dating violence. It showed, higher the perception of severity of dating violence was, more the use of active coping style and less the passive coping style. Additionally, higher the degree of acceptance was, more the use of both active and passive coping styles. This result seems to be because there are many cases where both of the coping styles are used as most of the coping styles include both sides of active and passive coping styles at the same time, and it is difficult to actually distinguish.
The dating violence experiences(offense, victimization) of the participation of the hypothesis 3 showed to have a correlation with the perception of dating violence. The more offense and victimization experiences, it showed to have the lower perception of severity with higher degree of acceptance. This is not because the perception becomes higher due to more experience of dating violence, but it gets even lower and implies high possibility of reoccurrence of dating violence.
The dating violence experiences(offense, victimization) of the participation of the hypothesis 4 were shown to have a correlation with the coping styles of dating violence. The more the offense and victimization experiences there are, the less the use of active coping styles related to the adaptive result, and the more the use of passive coping styles related to the maladaptive result. Therefore, by reversely thinking, offense and victimization experiences can be prevented through the significance and necessity educations on the active coping style, as it implies there are more offense and victimization experiences when the passive coping style was used.
In the hypothesis 5, the coping styles(active, passive) and the experiences(offense, victimization) of dating violence were shown to give influences to the perception. Firstly, by verifying, ‘The coping style of dating violence would influence the severity of dating violence’, it showed a significant result. Only gender and age among the control variables gave significant effects, and active and passive coping styles and offense experience showed to be the factors giving significant effects. Next, by verifying, ‘The coping style and experience of dating violence would influence the degree of acceptance of dating violence’, it showed a significant result. Only gender among the control variables gave some significant effects, and active and passive coping styles and the offense experiences were shown to be the factors giving significant effects.
The study results have the following practical implications.
It could be known that the result for offense and victimization experiences of dating violence may differ depending on the perception and the coping style. In other words, perceiving violence and the following coping style was a significant factor in the future violence experiences. Thus, improvement of perception and appropriate educations for proper coping style is necessary. It could be known from the study result which showed that the 20s perceived dating violence more severely than the 30s, the related education was necessary to be conducted in high schools and universities as well as in companies. Furthermore, educating not only women but also men is important, as men have lower degree of perception than women and they can also be perpetrators and victims. In the meanwhile, it is only recently when the severity of dating violence has been receiving the spotlight by various broadcasts and new articles, there is not any proper education material. Therefore, development of the education materials and studies on the prevention programs should be promoted. Furthermore, it is necessary to for consistent mandatory promotions and educations on dating violence at the national level, as everybody can be potential perpetrators or victims of dating violence.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 문제제기 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 및 질문 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 7
• 1. 데이트폭력의 개념 7
• 2. 데이트폭력의 유형 및 발생률 8
• 3. 데이트폭력에 관한 선행연구 13
• 1) 데이트폭력 인식에 관한 선행연구 13
• 2) 데이트폭력의 대처방식에 관한 선행연구 18
• Ⅲ. 연구가설 21
• Ⅳ. 연구방법 23
• 1. 자료수집 과정 23
• 2. 조사대상자 24
• 3. 변수정의 및 측정도구 25
• 1) 데이트폭력의 비네트 25
• 2) 데이트폭력의 인식 26
• 3) 데이트폭력의 대처방식 27
• 4) 데이트폭력의 가해 및 피해경험 28
• 4. 자료 분석방법 30
• Ⅴ. 연구결과 31
• 1. 주요변수의 기술통계 31
• 2. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 주요 변수의 차이 33
• 1) 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 데이트폭력 인식정도의 차이 33
• 2) 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 데이트폭력 대처방식의 차이 35
• 3) 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 데이트폭력 가해 및 피해경험의 차이 37
• 3. 연구가설 검증 41
• 1) 데이트폭력 유형에 따른 인식정도의 차이 41
• 2) 데이트폭력 인식과 대처방식 42
• 3) 데이트폭력 경험(가해, 피해)과 데이트폭력의 인식 43
• 4) 데이트폭력 경험(가해, 피해)과 데이트폭력의 대처방식 45
• 5) 데이트폭력의 대처방식과 경험이 데이트폭력의 인식에 미치는 영향 47
• Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 50
• 1. 연구결과 요약 및 고찰 50
• 2. 함의 55
• 3. 연구의 한계점 및 후속연구에 대한 제언 58
• 참고문헌 59
• 부록 1. 비네트 71
• 부록 2. 설문지 72