이러닝 학습환경에서 디지털 텍스트 구조의 시각 표상 설계원리 개발연구 = A Study of the Design Principles on Visual Representation of Digital Text Structure for e-Learning Contents

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The primary purpose of this study was to be explored the design principles of visual representation on digital text structure for developing e-Learning content and to be identified possibility of those principles as developing e-Learning content. These principles can support e-learners to improve digital reading and to facilitate awareness on text structure. In the initial development stage, concept of visual representation on digital text structure have been drawn on the basis of existing researches, and then visual design principles have been devised. To visually represent the digital text structure available web technologies were analyzed. And for the purpose of verifying those principles, an e-learning content covering the principles has been developed. As a result of research, concept of visual representation on digital text structure was identified: visualizing of structure or system on external outline of whole text information. Design principles of visual representation on digital text structure are included visual abstraction, visual predictability, visual immediacy, visual operation, and visual spatiality. In designing digital text structure, the result of this study seemed to explain the positive potential of visual representation design principles of text structure. E-Learners tend to construct mental model and learn by constructing the meaning, using visual representation reverential processing which readers comprehended the details of the texts The new e-Learning content applied the design principles of visual representation on text structure has been actually developed and implemented successfully into an e-Learning. The effects of these new design principles discussed possibility of generalizing ‘visual representation’ design principles of text structure for designing digital text.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김영수, "학습이론과 e-러닝환경 설계" 교육과학사 2007

2 이성만, "텍스트의 구조와 이해" 배재대학교출판부 2006

3 김영수, "텍스트 정보처리 원리를 적용한 일렉트로닉 텍스트 개발에 대한 고찰" 7 (7): 53-75, 1991

4 성태제, "타당도와 신뢰도" 학지사 2005

5 나일주, "전자 텍스트 설계에서 시각지능 이론을 적용한 시각적 조직자 프로토타입 개발연구" 2 (2): 137-162, 2006

6 이지연, "이용자 인터페이스 설계 원칙에 의한 정보시각화 시스템 평가 및 문제점 분석" 한국과학기술정보연구원 34 (34): 67-88, 2003

7 김세리, "이러닝 학습환경에서의 텍스트 축약에 관한 연구" 서울대학교 2006

8 나일주, "웹 기반 학습환경에서 그림자료와 텍스트 내용과의 관련성이 내용이해 및 학습만족도에 미치는 효과" 교육연구소 8 (8): 1-22, 2007

9 백영균, "웹 기반 학습의 설계" 양서원 1999

10 나일주, "웹 기반 교육" 교육과학사 1999

11 노주환, "웹 2.0 기획과 디자인" 플루토북 2007

12 정인성, "원격학습을 위한 온라인 멀티미디어 하이퍼텍스트 설계"

13 나일주, "시각적 조직자를 활용한 온라인 텍스트의 독해력 신장방안 연구" 2006

14 황지연, "비주얼 인터페이스 디자인" 안그라픽스 2001

15 김봉순, "국어교육과 텍스트 구조" 서울대학교 출판부 2002

16 문선모, "교재학습연구:교재구조의 접근" 학지사 1997

17 백순근, "교육연구 및 통계분석" 교육과학사 2004

18 나일주, "교육공학관련 이론" 교육과학사 2007

19 임철일, "교수설계이론" 교육과학사 2003

20 김혜온, "e-러닝의 심리학적 기반" 학지사 2007

21 조미헌, "e-Learning 콘텐츠 설계" 교육과학사 2004

22 Khan,B, "Web-based instruction(WBI): What is it and why is it. In Web-based instruction" Educational Technology Publications 1997

23 Lynch, P. J, "Web style guide" Yale University Press 1999

24 이호선, "Web Site에서 효과적인 GUI디자인 표현에 관한 연구" 3 : 46-53, 2002

25 Zhang, J, "Visualization of term discrimination analysis" 52 (52): 615-627, 2001

26 Woods,D.D, "Visual momentum: A concept to improve the cognitive coupling of person and computer" 21 : 229-244, 1984

27 Lidwell, W, "Universal principles of design" Rockport Publishers, Inc. 2003

28 Kintsch, W, "Toward a model of text comprehension and production" 85 : 363-394, 1978

29 Reder,L.M, "The role of elaboration in the comprehension and retention of prose: A critical review" 50 : 5-53, 1980

30 Norman,K.L, "The psychology of menu selection: designing cognitive control at the human-computer interface" Ablex Publishing Corporation 1991

31 Golding, J. M, "The limited facilitative effect of typographical signals" 17 : 99-113, 1992

32 Gagné,R.M, "The conditions for learning(2nd ed)" Holt, Rinehart and Winston 1970

33 Fabrikant,S.I, "The Geography of semantic information spaces"

34 Scott,W, "Reliability of content analysis: The case of nominal scale coding" 19 : 315-325, 1955

35 Voss, J. F, "Prose comprehension and memory. In Handbook of research methods in human memory and cognition" Academic press 349-393, 1982

36 Marcus,A, "Principles of effective visual communication for graphical user interface design. In Readings in human-computer interaction: Toward the year 2000" Morgan Kaufmann 1995

37 Carliner,S., "Physical, cognitive, and affective: A three-part framework for information design" 47 (47): 561-576, 2000

38 Dwyer,F.M, "One dimension of visual research: A paradigm and its implication. In Visual literacy: A spectrum of visual learning." Educational Technology Publications 1994

39 Mayer,R.E, "Multimedia learning" Cambridge University Press 2001

40 Alessi, S. M, "Multimedia for learning: Methods and development" Pearson Education, Inc. 2001

41 Grabowski,B, "Message design: Issues and trends. In G. Angliiiiiistructional technology past, present, and future(2nd ed.)" Libraries Unlimited. 1995

42 Gillani,B.B, "Learning theories and the design of e-Learning environments" University Press of America 2003

43 Hannafin, M. J, "Learning principles. In Instructional message design: Principles from the behavioral sciences" Educational Technology Publication. 1993

44 Beaugrande, R. D, "Introduction to text linguistics" Longman 1981

45 Seels, B. B, "Instructional technology: The definition and domains of the field" AECT 1994

46 Fleming, M., "Instructional message design" Educational Technology Publications. 1993

47 Smaldino, S. E, "Instructional media and technologies for learning" Prentice-Hall 2005

48 Spence,R, "Information visualization; Design for interaction" Pearson Education Limited 2007

49 Jones,M.K, "Human-computer interaction: A design guide" Educational Technology Publications 1989

50 Rha,I, "Human visual intelligence and the new territory of educational technology research" 8 (8): 1-16, 2006

51 김진우, "Human computer interaction 개론" 안그라픽스 2005

52 Herot,C.F, "Graphical user interfaces. In Human factors and interactive computer systems" Ablex 1984

53 Herman, I, "Graph visualization and navigation in information visualization" 6 (6): 24-43, 2000

54 Nielsen, J, "Electronic books-A bad idea"

55 Lorch, R. F, "Effects of typographical cues on reading and recall of text" 20 : 51-64, 1995

56 Wilson, R, "EBONI electronic textbook design guidelines"

57 Richey,R.C., "Developmental research: Studies of instructional design and development. In Handbook of research for educational communications and technology" Lawrence Erlbaum 2004

58 Shneiderman,B, "Design the user interface strategies for effective human-computer interaction"

59 Gram, C, "Design principles for interactive software" Chapman & Hall 1996

60 Peirce,C, "Collected writings" Harvard University Press 1931

61 Dale,E, "Audio-visual methods in teaching" Dryden Press 1946

62 Arnheim,R, "Art and visual perception: A psychology of the creative eye. University of. Berkeley" California Press 1974