웹 기반 토론에서 성격유형에 따른 집단구성방식이 상호작용에 미치는 영향 = The Effects of Group Composition on the Interaction in the Web-Based Discussion

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 웹 기반 토론에서 학습자의 성격유형에 따라 외향성 집단, 내향성 집단, 외향성/내향성 혼합집단으로 구성하고, 집단구성방식에 따라 상호작용 메시지 개수와 내용에 어떠한 차이가 있는지 실험 검증하는 것이다. 연구대상은 서울 소재 E대학의 비사대 교직과목을 수강하는 학부생들이며, 각 4명씩 외향성 집단, 내향성 집단, 외향성/내향성 혼합집단을 구성하여 2주간 토론을 진행하였다. 연구결과는 집단구성방식에 따라 상호작용에 유의미한 차이를 보였는데, 이질적으로 구성된 외향성/내향성 혼합집단이 전반적으로 가장 긍정적인 영향을 나타냈으며, 동질집단 측면에서 보면 외향성 집단이 내향성 집단보다 더 긍정적인 결과를 나타냈다. 이는 집단으로 구성되었을 때, 성격유형이 어떻게 상호작용하며 보완되는 효과를 갖는 지 보여주며, 학습자 특성을 고려한 웹 기반 토론의 효율적인 운영전략을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The learner-centered learning environment realizing active interaction makes web-based discussion on the increase. Web-based discussion is also basically done in small groups, so the quantity or quality of the discussion can be affected by the interaction among learners. Discussion is a learning process through communication. Accordingly, when instructors compose discussion groups, they should consider variables affecting communication and learning.
So, the purpose of this study was to analyze group composition according to the personality type of learner affect the interaction.
The experiment for this study was conducted with 96 undergraduate students taking the class Instructional Methods & Technology. We conducted the MBTI (Myers Briggs Type Indicator: Form G) test and based upon the result, we classified learners into 3 groups: introverts group(4 introverts people), extroverts group(4 extroverts people), and introverts/ extroverts mixed group(2 introverts people + 2 extroverts people). After the discussion, the numbers of posting messages in the discussion board were counted to measure the quantitative amount of learner interaction. For analyzing content types of interaction, the messages of research subjects were analyzed by the units of meaning based on the four dimensions which were proposed in the content analysis model by Henri (1992); social, interactive, cognitive, metacognitive dimension. One-way ANOVA and the Tukey Proof were used with the number of the units of meaning in order to analyze statistically according to the research questions of this study.
It could be inferred from the results of the study that the organization of the groups according to introversion/extroversion personality types could affect the interaction in the Web-based discussion. As the existing research results showed, heterogeneously organized introverts/extroverts mixed group have the most positive effects on interaction. In the homogeneously organized groups, extroverts group showed much more positive results than introverts group.