원가정 지원 원칙: 우리나라 대안양육 서비스에서의 실현 현황과 개선방안 = The Principle of Family Support: Its Implementation in Alternative Care Services for Children in Korea and Suggestions for Reform

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was conducted to find out whether the current alternative care services in Korea are carried out according to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children so that appropriate reforms can be suggested accordingly. In order to do so, a literature review was conducted on family support and preservation for children in alternative care as well as the brief developmental history and present condition of the child protective system with respect to alternative care services in Korea. In addition, published materials and data indicating whether the principles of family support and preservation are being implemented within the current alternative care services for children in Korea were researched and analyzed.
The study results revealed that temporary alternative care services—foster care, group home and institutions— operated as separate programs under different delivery systems, which in turn led to disparity in service direction and content. Moreover, the agencies in charge of delivering the alternative care services rarely collaborated. The review of the present condition of alternative care services also showed that the principles of family support and prevention were rarely being implemented when delivering the services.
Based on the study results, several suggestions for reform that would enable the implementation of the principles of family support and preservation within the alternative care services in Korea were made. They are as follows: 1. Shifting to a strength-based perspective when working with the families of the children in alternative care, 2. adhering to the principle of family preservation and providing support for families of origin, 3. adhering to the principle of least restrictive alternative care, 4. expanding the budget for family support and preservation, 5. establishing an integrated child protective system, 6. providing professional training to workers delivering alternative care services and 7. improving the evaluation system of child protective services.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 유엔 「아동권리협약」과 「아동 대안양육에 관한 지침」에 따라 우리나라 대안양육 서비스의 원가정 지원 원칙 실현 현황을 알아보고 개선방안을 모색하기 위해 수행하였다. 이를 위해 유엔 「아동권리협약」과 「아동 대안양육에 관한 지침」을 살펴보았으며, 우리나라 대안양육 서비스의 발달 배경과 현황을 정리하였다. 우리나라 원가정 원칙 실현 현황을 파악하기 위해서는 문헌 자료와 통계자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 우리나라의 대안양육 서비스 체계는 보호 서비스(가정위탁보호, 공동생활가정, 시설보호)마다 별도의 전달체계가 있어 서비스의 방향과 내용에 차이가 있었으며, 각 아동보호 서비스 기관 간 상호 연계가 부족한 상황이었다. 또한, 우리나라 대안양육 현황을 살펴본 결과, 원가정 지원과보존 원칙이 전반적으로 실현되지 않고 있었다. 연구자는 연구 결과를 토대로 대안양육 서비스의 원가정 지원 원칙 실현을 위한 개선 방안을 제시하였다. 그 내용은 첫째, 원가정에 대한 관점의 전환, 둘째, 가족보존 원칙 준수와 원가정 지원, 셋째, 최소제한 대안 원칙의 준수, 넷째, 원가정 지원 관련 예산 확대, 다섯째, 통합적 아동보호 체계 구축, 여섯째, 담당 인력의 전문화, 일곱째, 아동보호 서비스 평가체계의 개선이다.

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