고려 개경과 강도의 도성 비교고찰 = A Comparison of the Two Capitals of the Koryo Dynasty: Kaekyong and Kangdo

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper compares the Kaekyong area. the capital of the Koryo<br/>
dynasty. with the Kangdo area. which served as the temporary capital during<br/>
times of war. As Kangdo was in essence a replica of the actual capital of the<br/>
Koryo dynasty Kaekyong. a study of the similarities and differences between<br/>
these two capital areas is in order.<br/>
The first fortification to be built in the Kaekyong area. the Songaksong<br/>
(Songak Fortress). was soon fo11owed by the Kungsong and Hwangsong.<br/>
However it was the Nasong. which was in essence a defense perimeter around<br/>
the city’s borders. which functioned as the dynasty's actual capital.<br/>
Meanwhile. in the Kangdo area. the first fortification to be built was the<br/>
Kungsong. while the Waesong was built thereafter to defend the coastal<br/>
areas. The last such structure to be built in the Kangdo area was the<br/>
Chungsong. which came to play the role of the capital. The size of the capital<br/>
in the Kangdo area was sma11er than the one situated in Kaekyong.<br/>
Administrative districts in both the Kaekyong and Kangdo areas were<br/>
broken down into bu. bang. and ri. Disasters such as fires and outbreaks of<br/>
disease caused by the high population density a11 took a severe to11 on the<br/>
Kangdo area. The central area of Kaekyong was located between Chanamsan<br/>
(Mt. Chanam) and Ochδ;n (0 Stream). while the downtown area of Kangdo<br/>
was located between Kyonjasan and Tongrakchon.<br/>
The palaces in Kaekyong were located to the south of Mt. Songak. and<br/>
surrounded by the 4.700 m wide Hwangsong and 2.170 m wide Kungsong. For<br/>
their part. the palaces in Kangdo were located to the south of another<br/>
mountain known as Mt. Songak (which was also known as Buksanl. These<br/>
palaces were surrounded by the 1.240 m long Kungsong. However. it is<br/>
unclear whether these palaces were within the perimeter of the Hwangsong.<br/>
Although the palaces in Kangdo were sma11er. their’ composition was simil to that of the palaces in Kaekyðng.<br/>
Although attempts were made to turn Kangdo into an exact replica of the<br/>
Kaekyðng area. many features were never recreated. This situation resulted<br/>
from the fact that Kangdo was in essence little more than a temporary<br/>
capital in which refuge could be taken whenever a threat appeared and then<br/>
abandoned again once things returned to normal. Moreover, temporal and<br/>
spatial factors also played a role in limiting the dynasty’s ability to create a<br/>
perfect replica of the capital. The construction of these two cities was largely<br/>
the result of periodic circumstances. As such, Kaekyðng represents the era of<br/>
the post-three kingdoms and unification under the Koryð dynasty, while<br/>
Kangdo is representative of the period of Mongol invasion and of the Koryð<br/>
people’s resistance to this foreign force.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
  
• Ⅱ. 성곽과 도성
  
• 1.개경
  
• 2.강도
  
• Ⅲ. 5부와 방?리
  
• Ⅳ. 황성?궁성과 궁궐
  
• 1.개경
  
• 2.강도
  
• Ⅴ. 맺음말
  
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