나주(羅州) 복암리(伏岩里) 출토 목간으로 본 사비시대 두힐(豆?) = Duhil in the Sabi Period examined through Wooden Tablets excavated in Bogam-ri, Naju

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본고에서는 복암리유적에서 출토된 5점의 목간을 통해 현재 다시면 일원인 사비시대 豆?을 살펴보았다. 복암리목간은 <목간 11>의 `庚午年`이라는 묵서를 통해 7세기 무렵의 상황을 반영하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 서사공간이 넓은 목간이 주로 출토되었다는 점에서 문서행정에 주로 사용되었을 것으로 보았다. 검토 대상인 5점의 목간(목간1, 3, 4, 10, 12)에서는 得安城, 半那, 毛羅, 前巷 등의 지명과 奈率, 德率, ?率 등 관등명이 확인되었다. 이를 통해 豆?과 주변지역과의 연계가 있었으며, 지방 지배에 관련된 관료층이 머물렀다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 복암리 유적은 목간과 함께 발견된 `豆?舍`銘 장군과 `官內用`銘 壺를 통해 官의 성격을 가진 豆?舍가 존재할 가능성이 있었다. 豆?舍는 목간에서 郡과 관련된 묵서 군장의 관등 덕솔 등으로 보아 郡의 관청으로 추정하였다. 또한 豆?舍에서는 郡으로써 쌀을 걷어 관리하고, 도망한 出背者를 추포하기도 하였다. 더불어 반남면 일대인 半那에도 영향을 미치고 있어 郡의 治所였을 것으로 판단하였다. 7세기에 보이는 豆?의 위상은 5세기 중·후반 무렵부터 두드러지는 것으로 보았다. 이 일대에 정촌고분, 복암리 3호분 `96석실이 조영되며 복암리를 중심으로 다시면은 부상되었다. 이는 지리적으로 영산강에 인접하며, 교역에 유리한 위치라는 내부적 원동력에서 비록되었다. 더불어 백제의 진출에 적극적인 모습을 보였다는 점은 삼포천 일대의 반남 세력을 능가하는 세력으로 자리잡는데 영향을 미쳤다. 나주 다시면 일원은 사비기 方郡城 체제 아래 豆?郡으로 편성되며 水川, 實於山, 半奈夫里를 영속하게 된 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined Duhil(豆?) during the Sabi period, which is the Dasi-myeon(多侍面) area now through five pieces of wooden tablets excavated in the Bogam-ri site. From the wooden tablets, in Wooden Tablet No. 11, an ink writing of `Year of Gyeongoh(庚午)` was found, so it was noted that the Bogam-ri wooden tablets reflect the situations of the 7th century. In addition, in that wooden tablets with a wide space for writing were excavated, it was assumed that they had been mainly used for document administration. In the examined five pieces of wooden tablets (Wooden Tablets No. 1, 3, 4, 10 and 12), place names such as Deukanseong(得安城), Banna(半那), Mora(毛羅) and Jeonhang(前巷) and official names such as Nasol(奈率), Deoksol(德率) and Hansol(?率) were found. Through this, it was noted that Duhil had an association with the surrounding areas and that bureaucratic class related to regional ruling stayed there. Through a tin with an inscription of `Duhilsa(豆?舍)` and an urn with an inscription of `For official use` found with wooden tablets, it was assumed that there was Duhilsa with the character of an official. It was assumed that Duhilsa was a government office, judging from the facts that ink writing related to Gun(郡, district) was found and that official ranks of the chief of Gun like Deoksol were found. In addition, it appeared that Duhil was a Gun, which had roles of collecting and managing rice and arresting fugitives who were running away. Along with this, this affected Banna, which is Bannam-myeon(潘南面) area, too, so it was judged that it was a ruling place of Gun. The status of Duhil in the 7th century became noticeable around the mid to late 5th century. As Stone Tomb No. 96, Bogam-ri Tomb No. 3, Jeongchon Tomb were built in this area, Dasi-myeon came to the fore centering around Bogam-ri. This was caused by the internal driving forces including its geographical adjacency to the Yeongsan River and its location advantageous for trade. Along with this, the fact that it was active for Baekje`s advancement affected its settlement as a force with a power exceeding the Bannam force around the Sampo-cheon River. This made Sucheon(水川), Silleosan(實於山) and Banna settled as this was organized as Duhil-gun under the Bang-Gun-Seong system(方郡城體制) during the Sabi period.