국가생명윤리심의위원회의 거버넌스에 관한 고찰 - 정책거버넌스와 UNESCO Guide No. 5를 기준으로 - = A Study on the Governance of the National Bioethics Committee - Focusing on Policy Governance and UNESCO Guide No. 5-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Since health care policies directly impact the lives, bodies, and self-determination of citizens, the decision-making process should have procedural justification as well as the validity of the results. In this respect, the National Bioethics Committee needs to function not as a simple deliberation body, but as a participatory governance body that supplements the legitimacy of health and medical policy decisions. This study analyzed the participatory governance mechanism of the National Bioethics Committee, compared overseas systems with the governance of Korea's National Bioethics Committee based on the recommendations of UNESCO Guide No. 5, and suggested the improvement direction of the National Bioethics Committee. The National Bioethics Committee can be evaluated as having achieved a relatively high level of institutionalization in terms of the basic institutional requirements for bioethics committees presented in the UNESCO Guide, namely legal basis, pluralistic composition, and policy linkage. However, the dependence of the administration on finance and organizational structure, the limitations of the public participation structure, and the centrality of the government in setting policy agendas are factors that limit the possibility of developing deliberative public ethics governance. To improve these factors, the institutional development direction of the National Bioethics Committee is not simply a matter of dichotomous choice between strengthening independence or strengthening policy linkage. Rather, it is necessary to restructure the committee's governance to achieve a balance between policy effectiveness and deliberative legitimacy. The National Bioethics Committee will be able to secure both ethical legitimacy and policy effectiveness for bioethics policies by gradually transitioning from policy-linked governance to deliberative policy governance.