단순언어장애의 인지 및 정보처리 결함 프로파일과 관련한 문헌 고찰 = A Literature Review on Processing deficit profile in Children with Specific Language Impairment(SLI)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to review the recent research trends regarding children with specific language impairment(SLI). The study investigated linguistic issues among memory, learning, oral motor, and auditory processing in children with language disorders. The study reviewed the articles published from 2000 to 2014 in the international journals that focused on speech-language pathology and special education.
The results which were analyzed in research studies related SLI were above of deficit in vocabulary, grammar, phonology, morphology, semantic, and pragmatic. This defect was different depending on the memory capacity, learning, auditory processing and oral motor skills. The study discussed in terms of (1) cognition and learning, (2) short-term memory and working memory, (3) auditory processing, and (4) speed and capacity of processing.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 언어장애 아동이 지닌 의미, 음운, 형태, 구문, 화용론의 언어학적 문제가 발달과정에서 기억, 학습, 구어운동, 청각처리 등의 문제와 어떤 관련성이 있는지를 문헌을 통해 고찰하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 단순언어장애 아동의 언어결함을 인지 및 정보처리적 관점에서 연구한 국외 논문 중 2000∼2014년 사이의 문헌을 분석하였다. 3세∼17세 학령전기에서 청소년기에 걸쳐 단순언어장애의 어휘, 문법, 음운·형태, 구문·통사, 읽기, 담화, 화용 영역은 기억 용량의 부하 및 학습 측면, 그리고 청각적 처리와 구어운동 기술에 따라 결함을 나타내고 있었다. 또한 많은 연구들에서는 비구어 지능뿐 아니라 정보처리과정 상의 다양한 조건을 제시하기 위한 여러 과제를 연령에 따라 실시하고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 단순언어장애 아동의 언어결함을 첫째, 인지 및 학습, 둘째, 기억, 셋째, 청각적 처리, 넷째, 처리속도와 용량의 측면에서 논의하였다. 이러한 언어결함과 정보처리적 접근의 분석을 통해 발달과정에서 다양한 결함프로파일을 보일 수 있는 언어장애 아동에 대한 다각적인 이해가 가능할 것이라 믿는다. 또한 언어장애를 지닌 특수아동의 치료 및 교육에 있어서도 직접적인 언어 결함뿐만 아니라 언어에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 언어처리과정에서의 접근까지도 고려해 볼 수 있을 것이다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Conti-Ramsden, G., "and language in middle childhood in individuals with a history of specific language impairment"

2 Montgomery, J. W., "Verbal Working Memory and Sentence Comprehension in Children With Specific Language Impairment" 43 : 293-308, 2000

3 Bishop, D. V. M., "Using mismatch negativity to study central auditory processing in developmental language and literacy impairments: Where are we, and where should we be going?" 133 (133): 651-672, 2007

4 Gathercole, S. E., "The role of phonologic memory in vocabulary acquisition : A study of young children learning new names" 81 : 439-453, 1990

5 Catts, H., "The early identification of language-based reading disabilities" 28 : 86-89, 1997

6 Washington, K. N., "The association between expressive grammar intervention and social and emergent literacy outcomes for preschoolers with SLI. Journal of Speech" 51 : 739-749, 2013

7 Miller C. A., "Speed of processing in children with speckfic language impairment. Journal of Speech" 44 (44): 416-433, 2001

8 Hayiou-Thomas, M. E., "Simulating SLI : General Cognitive Processing Stressors Can Produce a Specific Linguistic Profile. Journal of Speech" 47 : 1347-1362, 2004

9 Nicklsch, A., "Short-term memory constraints in children with specific language impairment : are there differences between receptive and expressive SLI? Journal of Speech" 52 : 578-595, 2009

10 Hsu, H. J., "Sequence-specific procedural learning deficits in children with specific language impairment" 17 (17): 352-365, 2014

11 Leonard, L. B., "Sentence comprehension in specific language impairment : A task designed to distinguish between cognitive capacity and syntactic complexity. Journal of Speech" 56 : 577-589, 2013

12 Guarnera, M., "Rotation and generation of mental imagery in children with specific language impairment" 102 : 539-543, 2013

13 Goffman, L., "Relations between segmental and Motor variability in prosodically complex nonword sequences. Journal of Speech" 50 : 444-458, 2007

14 Bird, J., "Phonological awareness and literacy development in children with expressive phonological impairments" 38 : 446-462, 1995

15 Palikara, O., "Patterns of change in the reading decoding and comprehension performance of adolescents with specific language impairment" 9 (9): 89-105, 2011

16 Leonard, L. B., "Lexical aspect and the use of verb morphology by children with specific language impairment. Journal of Speech" 50 : 759-777, 2007

17 Didonato Brumbach, A. C., "Interaction of Language Processing and Motor Skill in Children With Specific Language Impairment. Journal of Speech" 57 : 158-171, 2014

18 Marton, K., "Information processing and proactive interference in children with and without specific language impairment. Journal of Speech" 57 : 106-119, 2014

19 Bishop, D., "Immature cortical responses to auditory stimuli in specific language impairment: evidence form ERPs to rapid tone sequences" 7 (7): F11-F18, 2005

20 Durkin, K., "Functional Outcomes of Adolescents with a History of Specific Language Impairment(SLI)with and without Autistic Symptomatology" 42 : 123-138, 2012

21 Snowling, M., "Dyslexia: Biology, cognition, and intervention" Whurr Publishers 153-166, 1997

22 Gallinat, E., "Differences in the Performance of Children With Specific Language Impairment and Their Typically Developing Peers on Nonverbal Cognitive Tests : A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Speech" 57 : 1363-1382, 2014

23 Conti-Ramsden, G., "Developmental trajectories of verbal and nonverbal skills in individuals with a history of specific language impairment : from childhood to adolescence. Journal of Speech" 55 : 1716-1735, 2012

24 Clegg, J., "Developmental language disorder-a follow up in later adult life. Cognitive, language and psychosocial outcomes" 46 : 128-149, 2005

25 Gathercole, S. E., "Developmental consequences of poor phonological short-term memory function in childhood : a longitudinal study" 46 : 598-611, 2005

26 Conti-Ramsden, G., "Classification of children with specific language impairment : longitudinal considerations. Journal of Speech" 42 : 1195-1204, 1999

27 Corriveau, K., "Basic auditory processing skills and specific languaage impairment : A new look at an old hypothesis. Journal of Speech" 50 : 647-666, 2007

28 Tomblin, J. B., "Autism and autism risk in siblings of children with specific language impairment" 38 : 235-250, 2003

29 Norrix, L. W., "Auditory-visual integration for speech by children with and without specific language impairment. Journal of Speech" 50 : 1639-1651, 2007

30 Catts, H., "A longitudinal investigation of reading outcomes in children with language impairments" 45 : 1142-1157, 2002

31 Bishop, D. V. M., "A Prospective Study of the Relationship between Specific Language Impairment, Phonological Disorders and Reading Retardation" 31 : 1027-1050, 1990

32 Tomblin, J. B., "A Normativist Account of Language-Based Learning Disability" 21 : 8-18, 2006

33 Haskill, A. M., "A Comparison of Linguistic Profiles in Subgroups of Children With Specific Language Impairment" 16 : 209-221, 2007