Hemingway의 Stoicism에 관한 연구 = A Study on Hemingway's Stoicism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Hemingway belived that the writer's job is to tell the truth. From this point of view, he used his experiences
as the material of his works, He is called as an autobiographical writer, and his life experiences
played a vital role in formulationg relation with his literary thought.
Hemingway's stoicism is also biographical in many aspects. Hemingway pursued the true way of
valuable life by way of stoicism which was his own view of life. Stoicism was the product of his traumatic
experiences.
Hemingway's characters are placed in a world of natural and human violence, thus struggling to
survive and to assert the integrity of self. The conflict is intense, and the rules of battle merciless and
strictly enforced. The world breaks everyone. It kills the very good, the very gentle and the very brave
impartially. Both the heroes and victims lose in conventional terms, yet Hemingway's central character,
thought bound by death, do not easily give up their passion for life.
Hemingway believes that life is a struggle. To control the struggle, we need some moral rules such as
belief, coruage, and endurance. The positive stoicism accompanies ecstasy besides the endurance of
physical trauma. Stoicism is the intensive expression of domination them Hemingway has pursued
strenuously throughout most of his works.
We can see Hemingway's stoicism through Manuel in “The Undefeated”,Brennan in “Fifty Grand”,
Macomber in “The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber”,and Santiago in The Old Man and the
Sea. Especially we can see the apogee of it through Santiago.
In The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway showed stoicism which might as well be called a final settlement
of both his philosophy and thought.
Santiago is a man who represents Hemingway's stoicism, not a man of defeat who makes desperate
struggle for the dignity of manhood regardless of success of defeat. And he shares ecstasy at the moment
of pain.
Amidst the struggles against the marlin and the shark, the old man says to himself,“A pain does
not matter to a man”and“A man can be destroyed but not defeated”which demonstrates stoicism
well.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ.서론
• Ⅱ.Hemingway 작품에 나타난 Stoicism
• 1.“The Undefeated”
• 2.“Fifty Grand”
• 3.“The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber”
• 4.The old Man and the Sea
• Ⅲ.결론
• 〈BIBLIOGRAPHY〉
• 〈SUMMARY〉