국내 영유아 자폐스펙트럼장애의 SACS-K 적용: 자폐스펙트럼장애, 발달지연, 일반 집단 지표 비교 = Application of SACS-K to Korean infants and toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD): comparison of markers between ASD, developmental delay and typical children

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애, 발달지연, 일반 영유아를 대상으로 Barbaro와 Dissanayake(2010)의 The Social Attention and Communication Study(SACS) 18개월, 24개월용을 실시하여 국내 적용의 타당성을 알아보고 영유아 자폐스펙트럼장애 선별을 위한 주요 지표를 발견하였다. 무선으로 선발된 일반 영유아 105명을 대상으로 SACS-K를 실시한 결과, 2명이 자폐스펙트럼장애 위험군으로 선별되었고 이 중 1명(전체 영유아 대비 0.95%)이 자폐스펙트럼장애로 진단되었다. 평균 연령이 25개월인 자폐스펙트럼장애(29명), 발달 지연(16명), 일반(22명) 영유아를 대상으로 SACS-K를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 자폐스펙트럼장애 영유아의 반응 경향 분석에서 18개월용은 지표별로 42.9%~ 100%, 24개월용은 29.2%~95.8% 실패율을 보였다. 24개월용 SACS-K 문항에서 자폐스펙트럼장애와 발달지연 집단간 유의미한 차이를 보이는 핵심 지표(key marker)는 이름에 반응하기, 모방하기, 눈 맞추기, 사회적 의사소통(보여주기), 가리키기, 바이 바이 손 흔들기, 기술의 상실이다. 이 결과를 통해 SACS-K의 한국 적용의 타당성이 예비적으로 입증되었고 문화적으로 다른 주요 문항 지표에 대한 고려점이 논의되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the validity of the Social Attention and Communication Study (SACS) for 18 and 24 months by Barbaro and Dissanayake (2010) for Korean infants and toddlers and found major markers for screening of infants and toddlers with ASD. When SACS-K was administered to 105 typical infants and toddlers selected randomly, two children were found at risk of ASD and one of them (0.9%) was diagnosed as ASD. When SACS-K was administered to infant and toddlers with ASD (29) and developmental delay (16) and typical children (22) whose average age was 25 months, the instrument for 18 months showed failure rates of 42.9% to 100% for each question and the instrument for 24 months showed failure rates of 29.2% to 95.8% for each marker in the response analysis of infants and toddlers with ASD. For SACS-K for 24 months, key markers showing significant difference between ASD and developmental delay groups included, response to name, imitation, eye contact, social communication (showing), pointing, waving ‘bye-bye’ and loss of skill. These findings prove validity of SACS-K preliminary and discuss different key markers between cultures.

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