Genetic Diversity Analysis and Molecular Screening for Salinity Tolerance in Wheat Germplasm = Genetic Diversity Analysis and Molecular Screening for Salinity Tolerance in Wheat Germplasm

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Salinity is the most significant constraint to wheat cultivation in the salinity-affected areas. Saline-prone soils can be brought under cultivation by the development of salt-tolerant lines through molecular breeding aided by diversity analysis and molecular screening. The study aimed to screen for salinity tolerance and elucidate the extent of diversity among 75 wheat varieties and accessions. This molecular analysis and detection used 21 linked SSR markers. The study identified 202 alleles in 75 genotypes of wheat, giving 9.6 alleles on an average for salt tolerance screening. The mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.7599 and the Nei’s (1973) gene diversity of 0.7856 were recorded. The accessions possess higher gene diversity and PIC than the cultivars. The average genetic similarity matrix coefficient was 0.60 within the range of 0.19 and 1.00. Similarity indices based UPGMA cluster analysis separated the 75 germplasm into six clusters. Eight genotypes grouped in sub-cluster Ib together with the positive control BINA Gom-1. Therefore, these eight genotypes were identified as potential salt-tolerant by molecular analysis using SSR markers linked to salinity. The gene diversity estimated, and the germplasm identified as potential salt-tolerant are promising for use in wheat breeding to incorporate salt tolerance in novel cultivars by marker-assisted breeding.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Bushuk W., "Wheat: Prospects for Global Improvement. Developments in Plant Breeding, vol 6" Springer 1997

2 Gupta PK, "Wheat genomics: present status and future prospects" 2008

3 Fu YB, "Understanding crop genetic diversity under modern plant breeding" 128 (128): 2131-2142, 2015

4 Leonova I, "Triticum aestivum-Triticum timopheevii introgression lines as a source of pathogen resistance genes" 47 : S47-S55, 2011

5 Malcolm CV, "The potential of halophytes for rehabilitation of degraded land" 8-11, 1993

6 Ashraf M, "Some important physiological selection criteria for salt tolerance in plants" 199 (199): 361-376, 2004

7 Ghassemi FJAJ, "Salinization of land and water resources: human causes, management and case studies" CABI/University of New South Wales Press Ltd 1995

8 Haque SA, "Salinity problems and crop production in coastal regions of Bangladesh" 38 (38): 1359-1365, 2006

9 Dreisigacker S, "SSR and pedigree analyses of genetic diversity among CIMMYT wheat lines targeted to different megaenvironments" 44 (44): 381-388, 2004

10 Chandan M., "Rituala of Dogra Community: A Socio-Cultural Analysis of ‘Maile’Congregation at Jhiri Mela of Jammu Region" University of Jammu 2006

11 Jaiswal S, "Putative microsatellite DNA marker-based Wheat genomic resource for varietal improvement and management" 8 : 2009-, 2017

12 Liu K, "PowerMarker : an integrated analysis environment for genetic marker analysis" 21 (21): 2128-2129, 2005

13 Gepts P, "Plant genetic resources conservation and utilization : the accomplishments and future of a societal insurance policy" 46 : 2278-2292, 2006

14 Rohlf FJ, "NTSYS-pc: Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, version 2.1"

15 Walkowiak S, "Multiple wheat genomes reveal global variation in modern breeding" 1-7, 2020

16 Guzmán FA, "Microsatellites to enhance characterization, conservation and breeding value of Capsicum germplasm" 67 : 569-585, 2020

17 Dakin EE, "Microsatellite null alleles in parentage analysis" 93 : 504-509, 2004

18 Hammer K, "Microsatellite markers-a new tool for distinguishing diploid wheat species" 47 (47): 497-505, 2000

19 Vaja KN, "Microsatellite Markers Based Genetic Diversity Analysis for Salt Tolerance in Wheat Genotypes" 29 (29): 140-145, 2016

20 Dvořák J, "Methodology of gene transfer by homoeologous recombination into Triticum turgidum : transfer of K＋/Na＋ discrimination from Triticum aestivum" 35 (35): 639-646, 1992

21 Youssef M, "Khirshyat 1.0: a simple micro-program for some molecular biology protocols" 6 : 102-105, 2012

22 Marcussen T, "International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium. Ancient hybridizations among the ancestral genomes of bread wheat" 345 : 6194-, 2014

23 Arzani A, "Improving salinity tolerance in crop plants: a biotechnological view" 44 (44): 373-383, 2008

24 Abbasov M, "Genetic relationship of diploid wheat (Triticum spp.) species assessed by SSR markers" 65 (65): 1441-1453, 2018

25 Tadesse W, "Genetic gains in wheat breeding and its role in feeding the world. Crop Breed" 1 : e190005-, 2019

26 Uddin MS, "Genetic diversity in hexaploid and tetraploid wheat genotypes using microsatellite markers" 18 (18): 65-73, 2008

27 Wen W, "Genetic characterization of a core set of a tropical maize race Tuxpeño for further use in maize improvement" 7 (7): 32626-, 2012

28 Munns R, "Genes and salt tolerance : bringing them together" 167 (167): 645-663, 2005

29 Stulnig TM, "Exposing contaminating phenol in nucleic acid preparations" 16 (16): 402-404, 1994

30 Shahzad A, "Evaluation of wheat landrace genotypes for salinity tolerance at vegetative stage by using morphological and molecular markers" 11 (11): 679-692, 2012

31 Haque MS, "Evaluation of wheat cultivars for salinity tolerance at seedling stage based on morphological and molecular markers" 18 (18): 234-244, 2020

32 Al-Faifi SA, "Development, characterization and use of genomic SSR markers for assessment of genetic diversity in some Saudi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars" 21 : 18-25, 2016

33 Warburton ML, "Data analysis in the CIMMYT applied biotechnology center: for fingerprinting and genetic diversity studies" 2002

34 Bányai J, "Cultivar identification by molecular markers" 34 (34): 865-870, 2006

35 Rauf S, "Consequences of plant breeding on genetic diversity" 4 (4): 1-21, 2010

36 Kernodle SP, "Concentration of primer and template qualitatively affects product in RAPD-PCR" 1 : 362-364, 1993

37 Gorham J, "Chromosomal location of a K/Na discrimination character in the D genome of wheat" 74 (74): 584-588, 1987

38 Munns R, "Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals" 57 (57): 1025-1043, 2006

39 Hadrys H, "Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology" 1 (1): 55-63, 1992

40 Nei M, "Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations" 70 (70): 3321-3323, 1973

41 Bai QJ, "Agricultural high-efficient water usage and sustainable development of water saving agriculture" 32 : 331-335, 2001

42 Poczai P, "Advances in plant gene-targeted and functional markers : a review" 9 (9): 6-, 2013

43 Gill BS, "A workshop report on wheat genome sequencing: International Genome Research on Wheat Consortium" 168 (168): 1087-1096, 2004

44 Vaiman D, "A set of 99 cattle microsatellites : characterization, synteny mapping, and polymorphism" 5 (5): 288-297, 1994

45 Khan IA, "A modified mini-prep method for economical and rapid extraction of genomic DNA in plants" 22 (22): 89-89, 2004

46 International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium(IWGSC), "A chromosome-based draft sequence of the hexaploid bread wheat(Triticum aestivum)genome" 6194-, 2014